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Basic Animal Care > Farm Animals > Flashcards

Farm Animals Flashcards

0
Q

What are the dangers associate with handling bovines ?

A

Being bumped, kicked, tail whipped

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1
Q

What are the roles of a AHT with farm animals?

A

Preventative medicine assistance
Data entry
Embryonic transfer
Management, inventory & orders etc

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2
Q

What are the dangers associated with handling sheep?

A

They are timid and they head butt

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3
Q

What are the behavior traits of goats ?

A

Goats are inquisitive, more independent

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4
Q

Which ruminant has a strong herding instinct ?

A

Bovine

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5
Q

What are the names of cows in English?

A

Cow, heifer , bull , steer

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6
Q

What are the names of cows in French?

A

Vache, genisse, taureau, bouvillon

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7
Q

How many different breeds of cows are there and how many years ago were cows domesticated ?

A

920 breeds of cows and they were domesticated 5000 years ago

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8
Q

What is the scientific name for a cow?

A

A bos Taurus

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9
Q

What is the lifespan of cattle and when are dairy cattle often culled by?

A

25 years and dairy cattle are often culled by 4-6

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10
Q

What methods of restraint can you use on a bovine?

A

Halter, ropes, nose thongs and chemical

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11
Q

What are the names of the four compartments of a cows stomach?

A

Rumen
Rectictulum
Omasum
Abomasum

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12
Q

What type of hooves do a cow have and what advantage does it give on land?

A

Cloven hoofs and it is able to run faster on land because their toes spread and therefor do not sink as deep

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13
Q

What is the first part of the life cycle of a dairy cow and when is it?

A

1-3 days. Is fed colostrum and then removed and nipple fed.

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14
Q

What are bull calves used for?

A

For veal

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15
Q

What are heifers used for?

A

Kept to become replacement heifer for the herd

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16
Q

What is the second part in the life cycle of a dairy cow and when is it?

A

From 3 days - 2/3 months. Fed whole milk and gradually introduced to roughage

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17
Q

What is the third step in the life cycle of a dairy cow and when is it?

A

From 2 mth to 15-18mths. Fed hay, on pasture

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18
Q

What is the fourth step in the life cycle of a dairy cow and when is it?

A

15-18 months. First breeding- estrous cycles every 21 days

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19
Q

How long is the gestation period of a cow?

A

9 months and 1 week

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20
Q

What is the fifth step in the life cycle of a dairy cow and when is it?

A

18-27 months. Pregnancy and continued growth.

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21
Q

What is the sixth step in the life cycle of a dairy cow and when is it?

A

27 months. Parturition (birth) onset of lactation and milking

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22
Q

What is the seventh step in the life cycle of a dairy cow and when is it?

A

25-40 months. First lactation cycle

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23
Q

Describe the lactation cycle of a cow

A
  1. 1-3 days colostrum
    First milk, antibody rich. Calf receives passive immunity
  2. 6 weeks peek lactation
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24
Q

How many liters of milk a day can a cow produce during peek lactation ?

A

60-100 liters a day

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25
Q

What stage in the lactation cycle is a cow most vulnerable to a disease at? Why are they vulnerable?

A

6 weeks or peek lactation. A cow cannot consume enough food to meet milk production. Will take from body stores of fat and muscle. Makes her prone to diseases such as milk fever or ketosis

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26
Q

When is a cow bred again for a second pregnancy ?

A

2-10 months.

27
Q

How long is the dry period and when does it happen?

A

2 months before next calving

28
Q

How often should a cow calve?

A

Every 12-18 months

29
Q

List common medical conditions of cows

A

Mastitis - inflamed mammary gland due to infection (udders)
Bloating
Milk fever - hypocalcemia - low blood calcium
Ketosis - metabolic disorder

30
Q

How long are beef cattle on the feedlot?

A

6-12 months

31
Q

What are some frequent procedures done to cattle ?

A 
Preventative medicine
Dehorning
Vaccination
Deworming
Hoof care
Calving
Embryonic transfer
32
Q

What are male pigs called in English and French?

A

Boat , verrat

33
Q

What are female pigs called in English and French?

A

Sow , truie

34
Q

How long is a pigs estrous?

A

21 days

35
Q

How long is the gestation period of a pig?

A

3 months 3 weeks 3 days - 117 days

36
Q

How big is their litters?

A

8-12

37
Q

What is the first stage in the life cycle of a pig? And when is it?

A

Weaned - 3 weeks

38
Q

What is the second stage in the life cycle of a pig? And when is it?

A

Grower - 1-4 months

39
Q

What is the third stage in the life cycle of a pig and when is it?

A

Finisher - 5-6 months

40
Q

When is a pigs first estrus?

A

Around 6 months if exposed daily to the boar. Otherwise 8 months

41
Q

How many litters per year is a pig expected to have?

A

2.5 litters per year

42
Q

What is a pig fed from 0-3 weeks?

A

Sows milk + creep feed ➡️ starter diet

43
Q

What is a pig fed from 3-5 weeks?and when are they expected to hit market weight ?

A

Weaned diet ➡️ grower ration ➡️ finishing ration and market by 6 months

44
Q

What is the meat variety of poultry referred to? And when do they go to market ?

A

Broiler and 6-7 weeks when they are 4lbs

45
Q

What is the egg laying type of poultry called?

A

Layers

46
Q

How many eggs can a layer lay a year?

A

240-270 eggs/year

47
Q

What is a mature male chicken called ?

A

Rooster , cock , roo

48
Q

What is a mature female chicken called ?

A

Hen

49
Q

What is a newly hatched chicken called ?

A

A chick

50
Q

What is an immature male chicken called ?

A

A cockerel

51
Q

What is an immature female chicken called ?

A

Pullet

52
Q

How many varieties of chicken are there and how many years ago were they domesticated ?

A

150 varieties and they were domesticated 8000 years ago

53
Q

How long is the life expectancy of a hen?

A

A hen can live up to 20 years but normally lives 10.

54
Q

What do egg manufacturers do to check the egg for imperfections?

A

Candle the egg

55
Q

How long have turkey’s been around?

A

10 million years ago

56
Q

Why can’t domestic turkeys fly?

A

They usually weigh too much to be able to fly

57
Q

What is a male turkey called?

A

Tom, gobbler

58
Q

What is a female turkey called?

A

Hen

59
Q

What is a baby turkey called ?

A

Poult or chick

60
Q

What is a young male turkey called ?

A

Jake

61
Q

What is a young female turkey called ?

A

Jenny

62
Q

What is a group of turkey’s called ?

A

A flock

63
Q

What are frequent procedures on a turkey ?

A

Vaccinations , coccidiosis prevention, beak trim , necropsy

64
Q

What are the four things key to the well being of farm animals?

A
  1. Reproductive and productive performance
  2. Pathological and immunological traits
  3. Physiological and biochemical characteristics
  4. Behavioral patterns
65
Q

What are the five basic freedoms a farm animal needs?

A
  1. To get up
  2. To lie down
  3. To groom normally
  4. To turn around
  5. To stretch its limbs

Basic Animal Care (6 decks)

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