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Basic Animal Care > Dogs > Flashcards

Dogs Flashcards

0
Q

Should you restrict freshwater?

A

No

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1
Q

What are some appropriate forms of housing for a dog?

A

Crates, children gates, playpens, dog runs and small rooms

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2
Q

Are you supposed to feed a dog table scraps? What can happen?

A

No. The dog can become obese and also have a vitamin/mineral deficiency

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3
Q

How often are you supposed to give treats?

A

Within reason, a low cal treat

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4
Q

How is dog nutrition determined?

A

By size and life stage.

Should be tailored for appropriate growth and to prevent obesity

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5
Q

Give four reasons why you should groom your pet

A
  1. Makes dog feel good
  2. Makes dog look good
  3. Inspection and detection
  4. Reinforces the bond
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6
Q

What are the strategic spots for brushing?

A

Behind ears
Under footpads
Chest area
Back of hind legs

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7
Q

When should you start brushing your pet?

A

At a young age

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8
Q

How frequently should a pet be brushed ideally ?

A

Once per day

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9
Q

List 3 reasons why bathing pets is important

A

To clean and condition the coat - diminish odors
To treat skin conditions
To get rid of extoparasites

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10
Q

Should you brush before or after you bathe your dog?

A

Brush before

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11
Q

What are the three types of shampoos for bathing dogs?

A

Insecticidal
Medicated
General purpose

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12
Q

Can you use a hairdryer on a dog to dry him?

A

Yes but be sure that it is not too hot, can burn or give heatstroke to the dog

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13
Q

Why do we do oral care on dogs?

A

To prevent periodontal disease and systemic diseases

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14
Q

How often should you brush your dogs teeth?

A

Once a week

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15
Q

When does a dog have his deciduous teeth?

A

4-7 months

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16
Q

How many teeth does a dog have as an adult?

A

42

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17
Q

How can you ease a dog into a teeth brushing routine?

A

Rub his gums with wet food to get him used to the action

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18
Q

What are the three major parts of the ear?

A

Outer (pinna)
Middle (tympanic membrane)
Inner

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19
Q

How can you increase air flow into the ear canal?

A

Plucking hairs from opening of ear canal

Tying or taping ears together on top of head

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20
Q

When do you need to see a vet in terms of ear problems?

A

As soon as there is a foul odor, discharge, dog shakes ears often

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21
Q

What is otitis?

A

Yeasts,
Bacteria,
Parasites such as mites

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22
Q

What are symptoms of otitis?

A 
Scratching
Shaking head 
Tilting head to one side 
Evidence of pain when touched
Sour smell
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23
Q

What are some basic forms of ear care?

A

Drying ears after bathing or swimming
Cleaning ears with gauze pads soaked with an ear cleansing solution
Veterinary prescriptions /ear swab analysis

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24
Q

Why is nail care important?

A

For animals comfort

Injury prevention

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25
Q

What are some issues associated with anal glands?

A 
Clogged
Foul smelling 
Irritated
Infected 
Abcessed
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26
Q

What is the difference between professional emptying and groomers?

A

Professionals will empty anal glands and if there is a blockage they can fix it whereas groomers do not pay attention to blockages and will not alert you to problems

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27
Q

Should excess hairs around eyes be tied or shaved?

A

Yes

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28
Q

Why should dogs keep their head inside the car?

A

Because they can get debris in their eye or have their eyes dry out

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29
Q

What symptoms should you be on the lookout for with dog eyes?

A

Redness, excessive staining, soreness, discharge

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30
Q

Why do dogs tears stain their coat? What can be used to hide protein staining?

A

Because it contains protein. Chalk can be used as make up for dogs

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31
Q

What are the signs of illness in a dog?

A 
Poor coat
Dull eyes/ discharge
Anorexia
Vomiting
Change in stool 
Becomes listless
Pale gums
Fever
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32
Q

What is the normal temperature range of a dog?

A

38.3c to 39.5c

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33
Q

Why are stools useful for determining the health of your dog?

A

Because they are a direct representation of your dogs digestion and general health

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34
Q

How often should your dog be walked?

A

Twice a day

35
Q

What are the vaccination requirements for boarding facilities?

A

Kennel cough

36
Q

What are vaccinations?

A

Preventative protection against diseases

37
Q

Is immunity from a vaccination indefinite?

A

No it is not. Requires boosters on a set schedule

38
Q

Are vaccines 100% efficient?

A

No. But most efficient when maintaining a proper vaccination schedule

39
Q

What is a colostrum ?

A

First milk a mother gives to her puppy. Rich in antibiotics and gives dog a passive immunity

40
Q

Why would vaccinations vary between dog and medical professional?

A

Because each professional has a different view of what vaccines are important. Each animal is given individual vaccines in accordance with environment and health status

41
Q

What is vaniers vaccination protocol?

A

7-8 weeks : distemper, hepatitis, parainfluenza, parvovirus
12 weeks: booster
16 weeks: booster plus rabies
1 year: booster

42
Q

What are optional vaccines?

A 
Leptospirosis 
Bordatella (kennel cough)
Corona virus
Giardia
Lyme disease
43
Q

What the expected adverse reactions to a vaccination?

A

Local inflammation and discomfort

24-48hr fever

44
Q

What are abnormal adverse reactions to a vaccine?

A

Allergic reaction (can be fatal. Immediate intervention needed)
Frequent vomiting
Diarrhea
Facial swelling

45
Q

What is a way to control the risk of a vaccine?

A

One vaccine at a time and keeping the animal under supervision

46
Q

What controls the oestral cycle?

A

Endocrine

47
Q

What hormones are involved with oestral cycle?

A

Estrogen, progesterone, fsh and lh

48
Q

What are the cycle types?

A

Continuous (pig,cow)
Seasonal cycles (dogs,cats,mares,goats)
Mono-oestrian cycle (dogs)
Poly-oestrian cycle (cats,mares,goats,sheep)

49
Q

What is the gestation period for a bitch?

A

58-63 days

50
Q

What is the typical litter size?

A

1-15pups

51
Q

How many heats does a bitch have and how many months apart are they?

A

Two heats/year and 6months apart

52
Q

What is the breeding age for a bitch?

A

Between 6months-1 yr of age

53
Q

Can dogs seperate while they have sex?

A

No they cannot

54
Q

What are four ways to prevent gestation in bitches?

A

Surveillance
Spaying and neutering
Pill
Hormone injections

55
Q

How can you stop gestation once it has started?

A

Abortion

56
Q

What does spaying include?

A

The removal of both the ovaries and uterus

57
Q

What are some advantages to spaying?

A

Prevents unwanted litters
Eliminates the inconvienance of heat periods
Helps prevent uterine problems such as infection
Lessens the possibility of mammary tumors
Prevents false pregnancies

58
Q

What are some advantages to neutering ?

A 
Diminishes roaming
Prevents unwanted puppies
Makes males less aggressive and less likely to develop undesirable traits such as mounting
Prevents testicular cancer
Prevents prostate problems
59
Q

What is neutering?

A

Removal of both testicals of the male

60
Q

When should you spay or neuter?

A

as young as 6-14 weeks but normally at 6 months

61
Q

Temporary methods of canine identification

A

Medals: city id medals, rabies tags
Capsuls
Collars

62
Q

What are the pros and cons of temporary methods of canine identification

A

Pros: low cost
Cons: can be lost or broken

63
Q

What are a few types of permanent canine identification

A

Tattoos: 2 types:
Ear punch type
Pencil type

Microchips

64
Q

What are some health risks of toys?

A

Catching diseases
Breaking teeth
Foreign body : obstruction

65
Q

What is the proper crate size for a dog?

A

Leaves enough room that he could stand and turn around even when fully grown

66
Q

What are the types of crates available?

A

Metal collapsible, plastic traveling crate

67
Q

Where should a dogs crate be placed?

A

In a room with human activity

68
Q

What enrichment should be placed in a dogs crate?

A

Few treats, food, toys, blanket, water

69
Q

How do you keep the crate a positive place for a dog?

A

Never use it as punishment

70
Q

Why should table scraps not be given during family dinner time?

A

Because it encourages begging and negative behaviors

71
Q

How should long hair be combed?

A

From the extemities

72
Q

How do you keep a breed with wrinkles from developing infection?

A

Rinse wrinkles with warm water and mild soap and dry them. Apply baby powder in wrinkles to keep them dry

73
Q

How can teeth and gums be maintained in a healthy state?

A

Regular teeth brushing, feeding a specially formulated dental diet and treats, avoiding table scraps

74
Q

What can sweet, fruity smelling dog breath be caused by?

A

Diabetes

75
Q

What can foul smelling dog breath be caused by?

A

Liver or intestinal diseases

76
Q

What can breath smelling of ammonia or urine be caused by?

A

Kidney disease

77
Q

Why are breeds with tight lips more likely to have dental problems than breeds with loose lips?

A

Because there is no space for hard food to rub against the teeth when they chew and therefor plaque develops

78
Q

What are the two types of toothbrushes available for dogs?

A

Finger brushes

Regular tooth brushes

79
Q

How often should you check yur dogs ears?

A

Weekly

80
Q

How often should nails be checked and cut?

A

Every two weeks

81
Q

What are the types of nail cutters available?

A

Guillotine type, scissor type , nail grinder and nail file

82
Q

How can you stop bleeding if you cut the quick?

A

Quick stop powder, silver nitrate pencil, cornstarch, flour

83
Q

What are white stools indicative of?

A

Ingestion of bones, or is a sign of liver or pancreatic dysfunction

84
Q

What are black, tarry stools indicative of?

A

Occult blood and indicate that bleeding is occurring in upper regions of the digestive tract

85
Q

What is fresh red blood in stool indicative of?

A

Bleeding occurring in lower part of the digestive system

Basic Animal Care (6 decks)

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