Farm Animal Diarrhoea Flashcards
Name some pathogens that can cause diarrhoea in young calves?
E.coli Rotavirus Coronavirus Cryptosporidium Salmonella Cocci
What are the 3 types of disease E.coli can cause?
Extra-intestinal Infection (colisepticaemia) Enteric Disease (ETEC) Public Health (STEC)
What does ETEC stand for?
Enterotoxic E.coli
What is the typical age for a calf to get an E.coli infection?
1-5 days
What are the two types of toxin that E.coli posses?
LT (Labile)
ST (Stable)
Which is the often zoonoitc serotype of E.coli?
STEC 0157:H7
What age does rotavirus infection typically occur in calves?
1-3 weeks
Which parts of the GI Tract does rotavirus affect?
Dueodenum and Jejunum
What age does coronavirus infection typically occur in calves?
7-22 days
Which virus has a higher mortalilty rate in calf scours, corona or rota?
Coronavirus
Which parts of the GI Tract does coronavirus affect?
ileum, caecum, colon
Is salmonella zoonotic?
YES
Which bacteria is always significant on faecal culture, salmonella or E.coli?
Salmonella
Which diarrhoea causing bacteria is reportable?
Salmonella
At what age can salmonella infections affect cattle?
ANY AGE
At what age does cyrpto usually cause clinical signs in calves?
5-14days
Why is cyrpto not usually seen in older cows?
Resistance develops
By what mechanism does crypto cause diarrhoea?
villous atrophy causes malabsorption
At what age is cocci usually seen in calves?
> 3weeks
What clinical signs can be associated with cocci?
blood stained faeces
tenesmus
When investigating an outbreak of scours which animals do you need to test?
Healthy and affected
How much more likely are calves without good colostral status likely to die that calves with a good status?
4x
What management and environmental factors can affect calves getting scours?
Hygeine
Feeding
Deep Litter
Drafts
Name some causes of diarrhoea in the growing / adolescent animal
Endoparasites - ostertagia, cocci, fluke
Nutritional - rumen acidosis, copper deficiency
Infectious - salmonella, mucosal disease
Name some causes of diarrhoea in the adult animal
Infectious - Johnes (MAP), Salmonella, Coronavirus
Nutritional - SARA
Parasitic - Fluke, Ostertagia
What is the treatment for Johnes?
No tx - need to cull out
How can you avoid and manage Johnes on a farm?
Avoid pooled colosturm Test before buying in / closed herd Dont spread slurry Cull Snatch calving
Which test would you use to diagnose Johnes?
ELISA (blood)
Apart from the blood test which other test can you use to diagnose Johnes?
Milk Test
