Family

Question 1

Sinusitis tx

Answer 1

1st line: Amox

2nd line: Amox-clav or fluoroquinolone

Question 2

Dx of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis

Answer 2

Nasal obstruction or nasal purulence/discoloured postnasal discharge AND
at least one other PODS sympom:
1. Pain/pressure in face
2. Obstruction of nose
3. Discharge of discoloured nasal purulence
4. Smell affected (anosmia)
Consider when symptoms worsening after 5-7d with similar symptoms of persist without improvement >7d

Question 3

Presbycusis

Answer 3

Age-related hearing loss
Result of cochlear degeneration b/c of aging
Involves bilateral high-frequency hearing loss a/w difficulty in speech discrimination and central auditory processing of info
Risk factors: genetics, male, diabetes, ototoxic drugs, noise exposure
Dx: Audiometric testing with pure tone average and speech discrimination

Question 4

Vertebral compression fracture

Answer 4

Common in Asian/caucasian women, smoking hx, OSTEOPOROSIS

~25% postmenopausal women will get a VCF during their lifetime, previous steroid or anticonvulsatn tx

Question 5

Jefferson fracture

Answer 5

Bone fracture of anterior and posterior arches of C1 vertebra

Question 6

Acute Gout tx

Answer 6

1st line: NSAIDs (ie. Indomethacin)
If NSAIDs C/I: Colchicine
If NSAIDs and Colchicine C/I: Intraarticular,oral or parenteral glucocorticoids

Question 7

Vertigo peripheral vs central cause

Answer 7

Disappearance of nystagmus with visual fixation in peripheral vertigo
Peripheral vertigo typically more severe, a/w tinnitus

Question 8

Meds that can be used to tx hiccups

Answer 8

Chlorpromazine (antipsychotics) - most effective
Metoclopramide
Baclofen

Question 9

Postherpetic neuralgia pain mgmt

Answer 9

TCAs (ie. amitryptyline)
Anticonvulsants (ie. gabapentin)
Opioids (ie. morphine)

Question 10

Epidermoid cyst/sebaceous cyst

Answer 10

Dome-shaped
Originate from follicular infundibulum
Often on face, neck, trunk, scrotum or behind ears
Sometimes have a comedo overlying cyst cavity
Mobile , painless
Benign but can get infected
May develop into SCC

Question 11

Normal Rinne’s test

Answer 11

Air louder than bone

Same as in sensorineural hearing loss

Question 12

Rinne’s test: Conductive hearing loss

Answer 12

Bone louder than air

Question 13

Normal Weber’s test

Answer 13

Sound heard in midline

Question 14

Weber’s test: Conductive hearing loss

Answer 14

Sound heard in bad ear

Question 15

Weber’s test: Sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 15

Sound heard in good ear

Question 16

Most common risk factor for frozen shoulder

Answer 16

Diabetes mellitus

Question 17

GAS peritonsillar abscess tx

Answer 17

I&D or needle aspiration
IV clindamycin
IV methylprednisolone

Question 18

Weak opioids x 2

Answer 18

Codeine

Tramadol

Question 19

Hydromorphone, morphine, oxycodone weakest to strongest

Answer 19

Morphine < Oxycodone < Hydromorphone

Question 20

BPPV

Answer 20

Brief recurrent episodes (secs-mins) +/- N/V, illicited nystagmus, positive dix-hallpike

Question 21

Vestibular neuritis

Answer 21

Rapid onset, persistent, severe, persistent (days-weeks), N/V, imbalance
Positive head-impulse test

Question 22

Meniere’s disease

Answer 22

Recurrent episodes, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus and/or aural fullness
Resolves btwn attacks
Caused by increased lymphatic fluid in inner ear

Question 23

Central positional vertigo

Answer 23

Caused by lesions of cerebellum

Downbeat nystagmus, static and persists as long as provocative position maintained

Question 24

Ramsay Hunt syndrome

Answer 24

Herpes zoster oticus

Vertigo, ipsilateral facial paralysis, ear pain and vesicles in auditory canal and auricle

Question 25

Acoustic neuroma

Answer 25

Chronic progressive hearing loss and tinnitus
Mild unsteadiness that fluctuates in severity
NO true vertigo
Schwann-cell derived from CNVIII

Question 26

Labrynthitis

Answer 26

Persistent vertigo, NO hearing loss

differentiates it from Meniere’s

Question 27

Hearing loss and episodic

Answer 27

Menieres

Question 28

Hearing loss and persistent

Answer 28

Labrynthitis

Question 29

Persistent vertigo

Answer 29

Vestibular neuritis

Question 30

Episodic vertigo

Answer 30

BPPV