family Flashcards
family systems theory
the family is a whole consisting of interrelated parts
- dynamic: a self-organized system that adapts itself to change in its members and to change in its environment
- embedded in and interacts with large social systems like neighborhood or communtiy
immediate family
children and caregivers (outdated term - nucleur family)
coparenting
ways in which two parents coordinate their parenting and functions well
alloparenting
parenting by multiple caregivers
extended family household
in which parents and their children live with other kin (grandparents, etc…)
family as a changing system
- family life cycle: sequence of changes in family competition, roles, relationships and development tasks
- numerous stages: each stage has a particular set of family members, distinctive developmental tasks
- e.g. adult with no child, adult with infant, adult with child, adult with teen, adult with adult child
socialization
process which children acquire
- values
-standards
- skills
-knowledge
- behaviors
trends in family
- more single adults
- more postponed marriages
- more unmarried parents
- more cohabitation
- fewer children
- more working mothers
- more divorce
- more single parent families
- more remarriages
- more emptiness years
- older women > older men live alone
- more multigenerational families
- fewer caregivers of aging adults
parents influence Childs socialization through:
- being direct instructors who teach child, skills, rules, strategies and provide advice
- indirect socializers, transmit skills, rules, attitudes with everyday interactions
- providers/controllers of opportunities through management of child’s experiences and social lives
parenting styles
parenting behaviors and attitudes set the emotional climate of parent-child interactions
2 dimensions of parenting styles
- degree of parent alwarmth/support/sensitivity to child’s need
- degree of parental control/demandingness
Bowrind found four styles
Authoritative (high support, high demand)
Authoritarian (low support, high demand)
Permissive (high support, low demand)
Disengaged (low support, low demand)
authoritarian
enforces demands, child should comply no question
- child is low in social and academic success, unhappy, unfriendly
Authoritative
limits and enforces them, child autonomy
- child is competent, self-assured, popular high social and academic performance, low problem
permissive
responsive to child, no regulations
- child is impulsive, low self control and school performance, misconduct/drugs
disengaged
no limits, not supportive
- child has attachment problems, poor peer relationships, low social and academic success, drugs, antisocial, risky sex
particular parenting styles may have different means and effects in…
different cultures
working class parents tend to stress obedience and respect due to…
- FINANCIAL STRESS
- resource investment
-cultural values
family stress model
it descries the negative effects of financial stressors on parents mental health, parenting, and child development
marital satisfaction is ___ than couples with children during child rearing years
higher
partnered but not married adults have various reasons for cohabitation:
- convenience
- trial marriage
- alternative to marriage
couples at higher risk for divorce:
- younger (20-30s)
- 7 years
- young children
fell lack of communication, emotional fulfillment and compatibility
divorce: 1-2 year adjustment period - adults at higher risk of:
- depression
- psychological distress
- physical health problems
factors that influence make the post divorce adjustment positive
- adequate finances
- good parenting by custodial and noncustodial
- minimal conflict
- support system
- minimal other changes
- personal resources
