FALL SEMESTER FINAL PART 2 Flashcards
what macromolecule is the cell membrane made of? what macromolecule is embedded in it?
cell membrane is made of lipids & protein are embedded in it
what does it mean if a cell is “semipermeable”
indicates what goes in or out
what is diffusion? what type of diffusion requires energy?
diffusion high to low concentration. active transport concentration low to high
what is the function of enzymes? what type of macromolecule are enzymes? what are 3 factors that affect enzymes?
enzymes: lower activation energy
made of proteins
ionic conditions, pH, temp.
what are 2 ways that plant cells differ from animal cells?
cell wall and a chloroplast
what is a virus made of? why are they not considered alive?
protein coat and they need host cell to reproduce
what are the functions of the nucleus, ER, mitochondria, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, chloroplast?
nucleus: where dna is stored
ER: makes lipids, folds proteins
mitochondria: site of cellular respiration. breaks down suger into ATP.
ribosomes: connects amino acids to make proteins
Golgi: sorts + packages proteins
chloroplasts. captures energy + converts it into a chemical energy
what is the equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration? where do each take place?
photosynthesis :
6CO2 + 6C2O > C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 * in the chloroplast using chlorophyll
cellular respiration:
6O2 + C6 H12 O6 > 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy *takes place in the mitochondria
what is the difference between a monomer and a polymer?
monomers are the smaller units to make up polymers
what is biodiversity? what are 4 things that threaten biodiversity?
biodiversity : different species
pollution, habitat alternation, insecure species, demand for products
