Chpt 7 Benchmark Flashcards
what are the 4 macromolecules?
lipids, carbohydrate, nucleic acid, protein
what are the building blocks of macromolecules?
monomers
what are the 4 macromolecules’ monomers?
carbohydrates : monosaccharide
lipid: glycerol & fatty acids
nucleic acids : nucleotide
protein : amino acids
what are the 4 macromolecules’ functions?
carbohydrates: act as quick energy source well structure for plants
lipid: provide long term energy storage, support for cell membrane
nucleic acids: genetic info
protein: muscle building, growth, structure, fighting disease
what kind of macromolecules are enzymes?
protein
what is the lock and key model?
enzymes and its substrate
what are the three conditions that affect enzymatic activity?
temperature, ionic conditions, ph
are you able to differentiate between a catalyze do (enzyme - induced) and non catalyzed reaction on q graph?
the one without enzyme is higher, the with an enzyme has an enzyme
name two most distinct things about prokaryotic cells
no nucleus free float DNA
what are the 2 different types of eukaryotic cells? how are they different?
animal cells and plant cells
they’re different the plant cell has a cell wall and a chloroplast animal cell doesnt
what are the 3 steps to the “central dogma” of biology?
DNA -> RNA + PROTEIN
how do proteins differ from one another?
of sequence and amino acids differ
what is the ER? what’s it’s function? what’s the difference between smooth er and rough er?
site where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled
rough ER makes lipids, folds proteins
what is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
sorts and packages proteins
what’s the primary function of the cell membrane?
regulates what enters and leaves the cell
what is the synonym for cell membrane and whats the meaning
lipid bilayer, in a double-layered sheet
what is diffusion?
area where the higher concentration goes to the lower concentration
what is osmosis?
the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
what is facilitated diffusion?
the movement of particles from high to low concentration through the membrane
what macromolecule is embedded in the cell membrane?
membrane proteins
what is photosynthesis?
a series of reactions that uses light energy from the sun
what organisms perform photosynthesis?
plant cells, autotrophs
what is the equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H20 -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
what are 2 stages of photosynthesis?
light dependent and independent
