factors that cycles nuts Flashcards
lec 12
chemicals can come in two forms in the water based on their size. what are the two forms?
dissolved or particulate
how do ions appear in lakes
land erosion
solubility of ions depend on
temperature, pH and concentration of the ions in the water
high temperature = _______ erosion
easy/fast
concentration of ions/nutrients depend on
the amount the biota is eating/pooping
acidity of water effects what?
controls mobilization of ions and impacts biological activity
smoke stacks blow crap from the US to canadian waters - the Great Lakes and Northern canada waters. why is it that the northern canada waters were more affected by the smoke stacks (got more acidic)
great lakes = hard water = can buffer/bind up contaminants so less of an effect
northern canada lakes are soft water = low capacity to buffer
turbidity definition and affected by what
turbidity = amount of light absorbed by water
affected by
- suspended particles
- presence of dissolved organic molecules
suspended particles are ______ for bacteria and fungi
food
redox potential determines ________ of water
chemical environment
free P vs iron-phosphorus
which form can be taken up by microbes?
free P is available (unbound)
redox potential is determined by
concentration of dissolved O2 (DO)
amount of DO in water depends on
metabolic activity
temperature
diffusion / proximity to atmosphere
cold water holds _____ (more/less) oxygen
more
deep water holds _____ (more/less) oxygen
less
consumption of DO in water by
respiration
addition of DO to water by
photosynthesis
when consumption outweighs addition of oxygen, leads to ______ conditions which is ____-saturated
anaerobic
sub
when addition outweighs consumption of oxygen in a lake, this leads to ______ environment which is _____-saturated
oxygen-rich
super saturated
photosynthesis done by primary producers. what factors control the rate of it?
light, temp, nutrients
temperature and photosynthesis: rate of photosynthesis _____ with each ____ºC increase until _______
doubles
10ºC
threshold
more nutrients = ____ rate of photosynthesis
increases
water velocity ______ availability of CO2, and removes ________
increases
inhibitory chemicals
respiration _____ with biomass
increases
respiration ______ O2 levels
decreases
respiration is controlled by
temperature and abundance of carbon
if there’s a lot of primary producers in my backyard wetland, should the NPP be positive or negative
NPP = GPP - respiration
so if hella GPP, NPP should be a posive because production outweighs respiration
if NPP = -3, what does this mean
less carbon is being produced than consumed
difference between NPP and NEP
NPP = net primary production
NEP = net ecosystem production
what time of the year does DO get depleted in hypolimnion of lakes and explain
when lake is stratified (summer and winter)
stratified = low DO at bottom of lake because at bottom there’s more guys eating DO than making DO (and no mixing)
most primary producers are at the top of the lake because easy access to light
day-night variations of DO in a lake depend on
rearation and biomass
T/F: littoral zone of lake more likely to have DO all year round
true because littoral zone is top of lake so more likely for primary producers to be there so regardless of stratification they’ll always be chilling in littoral zone making DO for everyone
fill in blanks with respiration and photosynthesis:
during the day _____ dominates and at night _____ dominates in terms of the water being saturated with O2
photosynthesis
respiration
