Factors That Can Influence An Individual In Physcial Actvities Flashcards
What is personality
-This is the psychological characteristics that make a person unique and account for a regular pattern of behaviour.
- when personality is talked about words are used
- it involves unique characteristics of a individual and the consistent behaviour patterns
How does personality develop
Normally there is a nature vs nurturing debate centering on whether traits are learnt and acquired from our environment or whether there inherited from our parents.
What is the trait theory (eyensenck) A01, A02
It suggests that an individuals personality is inherited from parents and that the traits innate characteristics born with. But characteristics are born with and not easily changed.
It states people have 4 primary personality traits and these are organized on a 2 dimensional model…
1. Extrovert- affiliates well with other people e.g. sociable
2. Introvert- shy and reserved
3. Neurotic- display extreme unpredictable emotion
4. Stable- display predictable emotions
Eyensenck attmepted to measure these through personality inventory EPI (1964) and the personality questionnaire (1975)- this is used to determine the personality of an individual. There is 2 continuums presented as a cross where personality is plotted e.g. a graph.
For example introverts tend to like sports which require
- concentration
- self motivation
- low arousal levels
Extroverts
- team sports
What is a trait
- its an underlying enduring predisposition to behave in a certain way every time a situation occurs/predetermined rather than learned
-This is a characteristic of a personality trait such as shyness, motivation or confidence - it is to innovate us, we are born with it and inherit it genetically and it is normally inherited by parents
- it allows behaviour to be predicted
- it doesn’t take in to account of the influence of the environment or significant others
- eyensenck personality theory
E.g. Vincent peter jones former English footballer and actor on movies he was furious and mad
Evaluation of trait theory A03
Positives
1. If the theory is correct personality and behaviour can be predicted
2. There’s evidence personality is evidenced by genetics
Criticisms
1. Too simplistic
2. Don’t account for personality for changing over time
3. They are not an accurate predictor of sports preference
4. They have limited value as a predictor of sporting success
5. They fail to allow for individuals actively shaping and understanding their own personality
What is eyensenckls personality inventory
When this is filled out there is 3 scores…
The lie score is out of 9, it measures how socially desirable you are trying to be in your answers
Those who score 5 or more are probably trying to make themselves loook good and are not being totally honest
The e score is out of 24 and measures how much of a extrovert you are
The n score iso it of 24 and measures how neurotic you are
To interpret the scores your e and n score and plotted on a graph from which you can read your personality characteristics . The nearer the outside of the circle you are the more marked are the personality traits
Nature vs nurture
Nature is where individuals are a product of the genes and their parents. A genetically inherited deposition
Nurture is a learned patttern of behaviour acquired through reinforcement imitation of the behaviour of others and general environmental influences
Social learning theory Banbury 1977
Suggests personality is developed through relationships with others. It is learned rather than genetically determined. It is learnt by observing others who are around us.it is learnt by observing others and imitation of others.
