Factions under Mary Flashcards
What made the Privy Council unstable and ineffective?
- Divisions within the Privy Council ~ instability e.g. divisions over Mary’s decision to marry Philip.
- Size of Privy Council ~ rare for all councillors to meet ~ ineffective.
Efficiency of Council meetings was further aided by what three developments?
- Establishment of committees in 1554 ~ excluded the casual councillors.
- The establishment in 1555 of an ‘Inner Council’.
What allowed Paget to dominate and establish a conciliar form of government?
Philip’s departure in 1555 and the death of Gardiner.
What did the efficiency of Council meetings being further aided by three developments mean that?
- There were clashes most notably between Gardiner and Paget ~ appears that this did not impact on the government’s efficiency.
- There were disputes over specific issues such as the revival of the Heresy laws ~ most of the time the council was able to put the rivalry aside.
What does the term faction mean?
A small organised dissenting group within a larger one.
Who was Stephen Gardiner and where had he been during Edward’s reign?
A catholic and in the Tower of London.
Who was William Paget?
- A former member of Edward’s Regency Council.
- A supporter of Somerset until 1549.
- Appointed by Henry VIII.
What were the negatives of Mary’s government?
- Privy Council = too large and faction ridden for government to function effectively.
- Supported by the lack of formal council discussion about her decision to marry Philip of Spain.
What were the positives of Mary’s government?
Balanced by the fact that routine administration was effective.
What faction helped Mary gain the throne and what did this lead to?
Kennington faction = now became Privy Councillors as a reward for their loyalty.
Who did Mary keep from Edward’s regency council even though he was a Protestant and why?
Paget ~ hiss experience.
Who did Mary release from the Tower?
Gardiner
When did Gardiner die?
1555.
What were the average size of Privy Council gatherings similar to?
What it had been during Northumberland’s rule.
What three developments helped the process of controlling the size of the Privy Council in 1554 and 1555?
1554:
- Councillors established a system of committees ~ excluded the more casual councillors.
1555:
- Philip helped to establish an ‘inner council’ of 9 trustworthy men.
- Philip left England in 1555 and Gardiner died ~ Paget = able to dominate and complete the reforms ~ establishing a conciliar form of government.
