Facial Anatomy and Facial nerve

Question 1

What are the muscles of mastication?

Answer 1

Masseter
Temporalis
Medial pterygoid
Lateral Pterygoid

Question 2

What nerve innervates muscles of mastication?

Answer 2

V3 - mandibular branch of facial nerve

Question 3

Describe the external carotid divsion in the face

Answer 3

Facial Artery - tortuous

Superficial Temporal Artery come off maxillary branch

Question 4

List the 3 saivary glands and their relative functions

Answer 4

1) Parotid - largest, 25%, IgA and alpha-amylase
2) Sublingual - rich in mucoprotein
3) Submandibular - 70% total output

Question 5

Describe the process of salivary production

Answer 5

Acinar cells produce isotonic solution due to active trasport of electrolys and the passive movement throuh NaK2Cl cotransporters into secretory cells

Water follows through aquaporin 5 channels

Ion modidication occurs within duct before secretion

Question 6

What would happen if the parotid duct was severed?

Answer 6

Salivary mucocele - blue/translucent swelling in lips and sometimes cheeks

Question 7

Through which gland does the facial nerve run through?

Answer 7

parotid - divides into 5 terminal branches here

Question 8

From what foramen does the facial nerve arise from the brain?

Answer 8

Internal acoustic meatus

Question 9

Where does the facial nerve exit the skull?

Answer 9

Stylomastoid foramen

Question 10

what are the 5 terminal branches of the facial nerve?

Answer 10

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Marginal Mandibular
Cervical

Question 11

What is the function of the facial nerve?

Answer 11

• Sensation of external ear
• taste to anterior 2/3 tongue
• motor input to muscles of facial expression
• salivary and tear secretion