(F) Lesson 4: Nanotechnology Flashcards
An advancement/breakthrough that makes use of materials at a small scale (nanolevels)
Nanotechnology
T or F: Nanotechnology manipulates and controls things on an extremely large scale
False (small)
What is the nanometer dimension range for nanoparticles?
1-100
T or F: Nanotechnology is not able to breakdown microscopic particles into smaller scales
False
The study of phenomena and fine-tuning of materials at atomic, molecular, and macromolecular scales
Nanotechnology
T or F: Properties differ from those at a larger scale compared to a nano-scale
True
T or F: Nanotechnology works with and produces things at a molecular level
False (atomic)
These people use atoms and molecules to design new materials with new and improved properties
Nanotechnologists
T or F: Structures exist at a nanoscopic scale
True
T or F: Properties at the nano level differ from its bulk form
True
T or F: Nanoparticles have lesser surface area resulting to increased chemical reactivity
False (greater surface area)
T or F: Decreased particle size is related to changes in a particle’s magnetic, optical, and electrical properties
True
Color, fluorescence, melting point, and chemical reactivity are all under what kind of property?
Size-dependent
T or F: Nanotechnology poses a risk of toxicity for humans
True
T or F: Nanoparticles need to be stable enough to hold itself together and not mix in with the environment
True
T or F: Even minor changes in chemical structure could heavily change a nanoparticles’ properties
True
This is used due to the lack of information and methods that identify nanomaterials
Nanoparticle analysis method
This factor of safety assessment refers to the populations affected
Exposure risk
T or F: Those greatly affected by the risks of nanotechnology are usually scientists
False (manufacturers, factory workers, and consumers)
This is done after a feasibility study and before going into the market to sell nanotechnology
Toxicological analysis
This refers to when particles may stay even if the product deteriorates
Ability to recycle
This is used to predict environmental impacts from the time it is created to the time it is being disposed
Life cycle risk assessment
This reduces the production of material waste and determines if the properties are stable enough to avoid mixing in with the environment
Good experimental designs
Refers to when particles may be emitted directly into the air from the source
Mobility
Refers to a property of being water-soluble and difficult to separate/filter if inappropriately handled
Solubility
This ethical concern of nanotechnology refers to the avoidance of disclosure to the public/government
Intellectual property or secrecy
T or F: Before releasing new products, it must be checked by licensed professionals and follow the appropriate handling guidelines
True
T or F: Nanotechnology requires havng more control over the structure of matter
True
T or F: Using nanotechnology requires one to predict the future positive and negative impacts of the products
True (technological foresight)
T or F: As technology progresses, society follows as well
True
This refers to better and clearer understanding of what these technological possibilities have to offer and is done through scientific studies
Credibility and understanding
T or F: Make sure that rules and guidelines are in place when handling nanotechnology to avoid the negative impacts
True (formulate a public policy)
This analysis is done before releasing products into the market
Full life cycle analysis
T or F: There will always be changes and problems that need to be addressed by adding more on the policies to protect the people and environment
True
Which Nanotechnology Organization is this?
→ established at Rice University in Houston, Texas in 2004
→ develops and communicates information regarding the potential risks of nanotechnology
→ worked with the academe, government, and NGOs to disseminate information with regards to the risks
International Council on Nanotechnoloogy (ICON)
When did ICON successfully create a database that focused on the environmental, health, and safety implications of nanotechnology; gives viewers knowledge on the guidelines, how to handle, and how to dispose the nanoparticles
August 2005
Which Nanotechnology Organization is this?
→ a US government research and development (R&D) initiative
→ consists of 20 federal departments and agencies
→ observes policies in the manufacturing and proper use of nanomaterials
National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI)
T or F: Weighing the pros and cons of nanotechnology is not simple, but the key step to this is to have a complete understanding
True
This device obtains faster, cheaper, and more accurate results compared to other diagnostic devices due to its small required sample size
Lab on a chip
This is made up of a clear silicone microfluid chamber and was developed by Stanford University School of Medicine Researchers
Lab on a chip
T or F: The lab on a chip can be used for drug deliveries because of its size
True
T or F: The lab on a chip however cannot capture images or videos inside the body
False
T or F: The lab on a chip can perform tissue repairs
True
This device allows for only droplets of samples to be used to interpret results (whether positive or negative to a specific test)
Test on a casette
These can act as scaffolding to protect the regeneration of bones or to act as artificial bones themselves if natural bone is not regenerating
Single-walled carbon nanotubes
Single-walled carbon nanotubes where invented by who?
Dr. Robert Haddon
T or F: The single-walled carbon nanotubes were inspired by the element lead which was heavier than most metals
False (titanium)
T or F: Single-walled carbon nanotubes could help with arthritis
False (osteoporosis)
This is generated from iron oxide nanoparticles by the Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology (CBEN)
Ferroxane membrane
This is used in waste treatment and water purification as it can attack impurities and bacteria found in water and other materials
Ferroxane membrane
These are catalysts that reduce the polluting by-products generated in paint, household detergents, and automotive brake fluid production
Silver nanoclusters
These are known to be good barriers (nanomaterial structure) to prevent contamination from the outside and the escaping of particles from the inside
Nanocomposites
T or F: Nanocomposites can fight off against visible and UV light
True
T or F: Nanocomposites are homogenous materials that comprise of multiple different phase domains
False (heterogenous)
T or F: Nanomaterials in sunscreen prevent the appearance of the white marks after applying because of its property to work invisibly
True
These electronics are:
- brighter—can emit more light
- thinner
- lighter
- flexible—some technologies can allow stuff to be folded
- easier to produce, and can be made to larger sizes and consume less power
LED and OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diodes)
T or F: The use of LEDs and OLEDs originated from vacuum tubes in anode ray tubes
False (cathode)
T or F: The use of LEDs would display screens in bigger sizes but much more expensive than before
False (cheaper because of the nanomaerials)
T or F: OLEDs combined with other chemicals are able to consume more power
False (less power)
This device is able to boot almost instantly and can quickly and effectively save data during a system shutdown
Magnetic random access memory (RAM)
T or F: The RAM has a higher capacity to store information
True
T or F: Higher memory = faster data processing time
True
This device:
→ connects different parts and integrated circuits together which each have conductive lines
→ forms conductive lines and prints prototype circuit boards
→ establishes communication between parts of an internal hardware
Silver nanoparticle ink/circuit boards
T or F: Nanotechnology is seen as a key to achieve sustainable energy
True
He was a nobel laureate that said that energy tops the list of top 10 problems facing humanity over the next 50 years
Richard E. Smalley
This has improved energy storage capacities—old batteries were limited by their materials to only store a smaller amount of energy
Nano-optimized lithium-ion batteries
T or F: Nano-optimized lithium ion batteries increase lifespan and finds use in electric vehicles
True
T or F: The usage of nanoparticles idecreased the capacity of the storage
False (became easier and lighter to use)
T or F: Nano-optimized lithium ion batteries can be used on cars
True (e.g. electric powered bikes and cars)
T or F: If electricity if to be handled, capacity should be low
False (high)
These are photovoltaic cells that convert visible light into electrical energy; the sensitizers have a broad absorption band coupled with nanocrystalline titanium oxide
Dye sensitizer cells (DSSC) or Gratzel cells
Gratzel cells imitate what biological process?
Photosynthesis
This is most effective when used together with the nano-optimized lithium-ion batteries
Dye sensitizer cells (DSSC) or Gratzel cells
T or F: The storage capacity of the battery determines the amount of energy the device can give off as part of its function
True
T or F: Solar panel size = storage capacity size of the battery
True
T or F: Power banks had solar panels integrated into them which supports the daily use of Gratzel cells
True
This device:
→ is added to tires as reinforcing filler to prevent entry of contaminants or easy wearing out
→ increases tire strength and longevity (protects the material being used to make tires)
→ it carries the entirety of the car’s weight along with the help of the motor to move the tires around (prone to wearing out)
Nanoscale carbon black
The nanoscale carbon black reduces rolling resistance which saves fuel savings up to how many percent?
10%
T or F: If you use nanotechnology to build the body of the car, it uses up more fuel due to the reduced car weight
False (saves fuel; heavier cars require more fuel to run the motor smoothly)
T or F: Know when to dispose or recycle the materials properly
True
