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Science, Technology, and Society > (F) Lesson 4: Nanotechnology > Flashcards

(F) Lesson 4: Nanotechnology Flashcards

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1
Q

An advancement/breakthrough that makes use of materials at a small scale (nanolevels)

A

Nanotechnology

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2
Q

T or F: Nanotechnology manipulates and controls things on an extremely large scale

A

False (small)

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3
Q

What is the nanometer dimension range for nanoparticles?

A

1-100

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4
Q

T or F: Nanotechnology is not able to breakdown microscopic particles into smaller scales

A

False

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5
Q

The study of phenomena and fine-tuning of materials at atomic, molecular, and macromolecular scales

A

Nanotechnology

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6
Q

T or F: Properties differ from those at a larger scale compared to a nano-scale

A

True

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7
Q

T or F: Nanotechnology works with and produces things at a molecular level

A

False (atomic)

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8
Q

These people use atoms and molecules to design new materials with new and improved properties

A

Nanotechnologists

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9
Q

T or F: Structures exist at a nanoscopic scale

A

True

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10
Q

T or F: Properties at the nano level differ from its bulk form

A

True

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11
Q

T or F: Nanoparticles have lesser surface area resulting to increased chemical reactivity

A

False (greater surface area)

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12
Q

T or F: Decreased particle size is related to changes in a particle’s magnetic, optical, and electrical properties

A

True

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13
Q

Color, fluorescence, melting point, and chemical reactivity are all under what kind of property?

A

Size-dependent

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14
Q

T or F: Nanotechnology poses a risk of toxicity for humans

A

True

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15
Q

T or F: Nanoparticles need to be stable enough to hold itself together and not mix in with the environment

A

True

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16
Q

T or F: Even minor changes in chemical structure could heavily change a nanoparticles’ properties

A

True

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17
Q

This is used due to the lack of information and methods that identify nanomaterials

A

Nanoparticle analysis method

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18
Q

This factor of safety assessment refers to the populations affected

A

Exposure risk

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19
Q

T or F: Those greatly affected by the risks of nanotechnology are usually scientists

A

False (manufacturers, factory workers, and consumers)

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20
Q

This is done after a feasibility study and before going into the market to sell nanotechnology

A

Toxicological analysis

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21
Q

This refers to when particles may stay even if the product deteriorates

A

Ability to recycle

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22
Q

This is used to predict environmental impacts from the time it is created to the time it is being disposed

A

Life cycle risk assessment

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23
Q

This reduces the production of material waste and determines if the properties are stable enough to avoid mixing in with the environment

A

Good experimental designs

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24
Q

Refers to when particles may be emitted directly into the air from the source

A

Mobility

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25
Q

Refers to a property of being water-soluble and difficult to separate/filter if inappropriately handled

A

Solubility

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26
Q

This ethical concern of nanotechnology refers to the avoidance of disclosure to the public/government

A

Intellectual property or secrecy

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27
Q

T or F: Before releasing new products, it must be checked by licensed professionals and follow the appropriate handling guidelines

A

True

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28
Q

T or F: Nanotechnology requires havng more control over the structure of matter

A

True

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29
Q

T or F: Using nanotechnology requires one to predict the future positive and negative impacts of the products

A

True (technological foresight)

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30
Q

T or F: As technology progresses, society follows as well

A

True

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31
Q

This refers to better and clearer understanding of what these technological possibilities have to offer and is done through scientific studies

A

Credibility and understanding

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32
Q

T or F: Make sure that rules and guidelines are in place when handling nanotechnology to avoid the negative impacts

A

True (formulate a public policy)

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33
Q

This analysis is done before releasing products into the market

A

Full life cycle analysis

34
Q

T or F: There will always be changes and problems that need to be addressed by adding more on the policies to protect the people and environment

A

True

35
Q

Which Nanotechnology Organization is this?
→ established at Rice University in Houston, Texas in 2004
→ develops and communicates information regarding the potential risks of nanotechnology
→ worked with the academe, government, and NGOs to disseminate information with regards to the risks

A

International Council on Nanotechnoloogy (ICON)

36
Q

When did ICON successfully create a database that focused on the environmental, health, and safety implications of nanotechnology; gives viewers knowledge on the guidelines, how to handle, and how to dispose the nanoparticles

A

August 2005

37
Q

Which Nanotechnology Organization is this?
→ a US government research and development (R&D) initiative
→ consists of 20 federal departments and agencies
→ observes policies in the manufacturing and proper use of nanomaterials

A

National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI)

38
Q

T or F: Weighing the pros and cons of nanotechnology is not simple, but the key step to this is to have a complete understanding

A

True

39
Q

This device obtains faster, cheaper, and more accurate results compared to other diagnostic devices due to its small required sample size

A

Lab on a chip

40
Q

This is made up of a clear silicone microfluid chamber and was developed by Stanford University School of Medicine Researchers

A

Lab on a chip

41
Q

T or F: The lab on a chip can be used for drug deliveries because of its size

A

True

42
Q

T or F: The lab on a chip however cannot capture images or videos inside the body

A

False

43
Q

T or F: The lab on a chip can perform tissue repairs

A

True

44
Q

This device allows for only droplets of samples to be used to interpret results (whether positive or negative to a specific test)

A

Test on a casette

45
Q

These can act as scaffolding to protect the regeneration of bones or to act as artificial bones themselves if natural bone is not regenerating

A

Single-walled carbon nanotubes

46
Q

Single-walled carbon nanotubes where invented by who?

A

Dr. Robert Haddon

47
Q

T or F: The single-walled carbon nanotubes were inspired by the element lead which was heavier than most metals

A

False (titanium)

48
Q

T or F: Single-walled carbon nanotubes could help with arthritis

A

False (osteoporosis)

49
Q

This is generated from iron oxide nanoparticles by the Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology (CBEN)

A

Ferroxane membrane

50
Q

This is used in waste treatment and water purification as it can attack impurities and bacteria found in water and other materials

A

Ferroxane membrane

51
Q

These are catalysts that reduce the polluting by-products generated in paint, household detergents, and automotive brake fluid production

A

Silver nanoclusters

52
Q

These are known to be good barriers (nanomaterial structure) to prevent contamination from the outside and the escaping of particles from the inside

A

Nanocomposites

53
Q

T or F: Nanocomposites can fight off against visible and UV light

A

True

54
Q

T or F: Nanocomposites are homogenous materials that comprise of multiple different phase domains

A

False (heterogenous)

55
Q

T or F: Nanomaterials in sunscreen prevent the appearance of the white marks after applying because of its property to work invisibly

A

True

56
Q

These electronics are:
- brighter—can emit more light
- thinner
- lighter
- flexible—some technologies can allow stuff to be folded
- easier to produce, and can be made to larger sizes and consume less power

A

LED and OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diodes)

57
Q

T or F: The use of LEDs and OLEDs originated from vacuum tubes in anode ray tubes

A

False (cathode)

58
Q

T or F: The use of LEDs would display screens in bigger sizes but much more expensive than before

A

False (cheaper because of the nanomaerials)

59
Q

T or F: OLEDs combined with other chemicals are able to consume more power

A

False (less power)

60
Q

This device is able to boot almost instantly and can quickly and effectively save data during a system shutdown

A

Magnetic random access memory (RAM)

61
Q

T or F: The RAM has a higher capacity to store information

A

True

62
Q

T or F: Higher memory = faster data processing time

A

True

63
Q

This device:
→ connects different parts and integrated circuits together which each have conductive lines
→ forms conductive lines and prints prototype circuit boards
→ establishes communication between parts of an internal hardware

A

Silver nanoparticle ink/circuit boards

64
Q

T or F: Nanotechnology is seen as a key to achieve sustainable energy

A

True

65
Q

He was a nobel laureate that said that energy tops the list of top 10 problems facing humanity over the next 50 years

A

Richard E. Smalley

66
Q

This has improved energy storage capacities—old batteries were limited by their materials to only store a smaller amount of energy

A

Nano-optimized lithium-ion batteries

67
Q

T or F: Nano-optimized lithium ion batteries increase lifespan and finds use in electric vehicles

A

True

68
Q

T or F: The usage of nanoparticles idecreased the capacity of the storage

A

False (became easier and lighter to use)

69
Q

T or F: Nano-optimized lithium ion batteries can be used on cars

A

True (e.g. electric powered bikes and cars)

70
Q

T or F: If electricity if to be handled, capacity should be low

A

False (high)

71
Q

These are photovoltaic cells that convert visible light into electrical energy; the sensitizers have a broad absorption band coupled with nanocrystalline titanium oxide

A

Dye sensitizer cells (DSSC) or Gratzel cells

72
Q

Gratzel cells imitate what biological process?

A

Photosynthesis

73
Q

This is most effective when used together with the nano-optimized lithium-ion batteries

A

Dye sensitizer cells (DSSC) or Gratzel cells

74
Q

T or F: The storage capacity of the battery determines the amount of energy the device can give off as part of its function

A

True

75
Q

T or F: Solar panel size = storage capacity size of the battery

A

True

76
Q

T or F: Power banks had solar panels integrated into them which supports the daily use of Gratzel cells

A

True

77
Q

This device:
→ is added to tires as reinforcing filler to prevent entry of contaminants or easy wearing out
→ increases tire strength and longevity (protects the material being used to make tires)
→ it carries the entirety of the car’s weight along with the help of the motor to move the tires around (prone to wearing out)

A

Nanoscale carbon black

78
Q

The nanoscale carbon black reduces rolling resistance which saves fuel savings up to how many percent?

A

10%

79
Q

T or F: If you use nanotechnology to build the body of the car, it uses up more fuel due to the reduced car weight

A

False (saves fuel; heavier cars require more fuel to run the motor smoothly)

80
Q

T or F: Know when to dispose or recycle the materials properly

A

True

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