(F) Lesson 3: GMOs

Question 1

Any living thing that had its genetic material altered through human scientific interference—e.g. gene therapy

Answer 1

Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)

Question 2

T or F: GMOs are related to the concept of biodiversity

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What are the most commonly modified organisms?

Answer 3

Crops and agricultural plants

Question 4

T or F: Increased population = decreased demand

Answer 4

False

Question 5

T or F: Fertilizers and farming machines can keep up with the demand for food

Answer 5

False

Question 6

T or F: GMOs are a solution for food security

Answer 6

True

Question 7

T or F: GMOs increase costs for food and drug production

Answer 7

False (reduce)

Question 8

T or F: Crops that are raw materials for other food and medicine products have high abundance

Answer 8

True

Question 9

T or F: GMOs allow for controlling the crops to be resistant to specific pests

Answer 9

True

Question 10

T or F: GMOs bring insufficient nutrients into food

Answer 10

False

Question 11

T or F: GMOs allow for some crops to survive flooding or add nutrient compositions to specific foods

Answer 11

True

Question 12

T or F: Philippines is neutral for GMO implementation

Answer 12

False (pro)

Question 13

Which country is between the resistance and acceptance of GMOs

Answer 13

Thailand

Question 14

Which country resists the implementation (anti-GMO)?

Answer 14

Cambodia

Question 15

T or F: Agricultural plants are one of the most cited examples of GMOs

Answer 15

True

Question 16

T or F: GMOs can produce non-protein (bioplastic) or non-industrial (ornamental plant) products

Answer 16

True

Question 17

T or F: GMOs can be used for developing microorganisms that are fuel producers and biodegraders

Answer 17

True

Question 18

T or F: GMOs damage the recombinant genes in the DNA sequences of organisms

Answer 18

False

Question 19

What process refers to where genetically modified animals have been used to grow transplant tissues and human transplant organs

Answer 19

Xenotransplantation

Question 20

What GM product is this?
→ turns up in many products in the US
→ used in processed food and drinks (e.g high-fructose corn syrup and corn starch)
→ some are converted to biofuels

Answer 20

Corn

Question 21

What GM product is this?
→ second largest US crop after corn
→ used in animal feed and in soybean oil—used for processed foods and in restaurant chains
→ its oil accounts for 61% of Americans’ vegetable-oil consumption
→ used to make emulsifiers (soy lecithin) which is present in processed foods, dark chocolate, and candy

Answer 21

Soybeans

Question 22

What GM product is this?
→ turned into cottonseed oil which is used for frying in restaurants and packaged foods (e.g. potato chips, margarine, smoked oysters in cans, etc.)
→ some parts of the plant are used in animal feed
→ what is left can be used to create food fillers like cellulose

Answer 22

Cotton

Question 23

What GM product is this?
→ recently approved GM crop that is resistant to bruising and rough skin—an attempt to make them more appealing to the buyers (which is why some farmers support the use of GMOs)
→ may produce less of a carcinogenic chemical (acrylamide) when exposed to high heat
→ not yet adopted in the food supply but it is expected to be

Answer 23

Potatoes

Question 24

What GM product is this?
→ used to make oil for cooking and margarine
→ used to produce emulsifiers used in packaged food—90% of this grown in the US and Canada is genetically modified
→ very rare to find a product that is not using this genetically modified product

Answer 24

Canola

Question 25

What GM product is this? → scientists inserted a new gene (coat protein or CP) that would make them resistant to the pox virus → the coat protein (CP) comes from the pox virus itself

Answer 25

Plum

Question 26

What GM product is this? → a bio-fortified crop—increases nutritional value → able to produce beta carotene which is converted into Vitamin A when metabolized by the human body → Vitamin A works toward healthier skin, immune system, and vision

Answer 26

Golden rice

Question 27

What GM product is this? → able to produce a protein for a vaccines against amoebiasis—disease endemic to Central and South America, Africa, and Asia → genetically modified with the gene encoding a Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) linked to a nominally constitutive promoter

Answer 27

Tobacco

Question 28

T or F: Alterations can change an organism’s growth rate, metabolism, and response to external environmental factors

Answer 28

True

Question 29

T or F: Non-GMOs can overpower the production of GMOs

Answer 29

False (could lead to the decrease of the population of organic species)

Question 30

T or F: GMOs don't pose a risk for exposure to new allergens and diseases

Answer 30

False (could affect the metabolism of animals and humans that eat certain crops)

Question 31

T or F: GMOs bring ecological balance to the world

Answer 31

False

Question 32

T or F: GMOs promote the spread of disease among plants and animals

Answer 32

True

Question 33

T or F: Enhanced mating advantages of GM fish increased the viability of its offspring

Answer 33

False (reduced the viability)

Question 34

T or F: If GM fish mate with non-GM fish, the offspring is usually of a strong variant

Answer 34

False (weak)

Question 35

This is a huge issue surrounding pesticides and herbicides

Answer 35

Toxicity

Question 36

T or F: Birds, bees, and butterflies can cross-pollinate the toxins found in GMO crops

Answer 36

True

Question 37

T or F: Bees can transport herbicides, pesticides, and DNA through the air

Answer 37

True

Question 38

T or F: The long-term effects of GMOs are certain

Answer 38

False (are not)

Question 39

T or F: Small genetic changes may produce larger ecological shifts

Answer 39

True

Question 40

T or F: Fewer weed flowers mean more nectar for pollinators

Answer 40

False

Question 41

T or F: Toxins released into the soil mean more soil bacteria due to enhanced resistance

Answer 41

True

Question 42

T or F: Nutrients are returned to the soil in mono crops and from GMO foods

Answer 42

False (are not returned)

Question 43

T or F: A GMO’s DNA may end up in soil, compost, animal feed, byproducts, and other living organisms via food consumption

Answer 43

True

Question 44

T or F: People who don’t support GMOs have more variety of choice in markets

Answer 44

False (less)

Question 45

T or F: Products are labeled as to whether they are GMOs or not

Answer 45

False