Eyelids - congenital anomalies

Question 1

Congenital anomalies of eyelids:

Answer 1

1. Coloboma of eyelids
2. Epicanthus
3. Blepharoptosis
4. Telecanthus
5. Distichiasis
6. Ablepharon
7. Anklyoblepharon
8. Symblepharon
9. Blepharohimosis or Blepharostenosis
10. Cryptophthalmos
11. Microblephaira
12. Epitarsus
13. Epiblepharon
14. Poliosis
15. Madarosis

Question 2

triangular notching at junction of upper eyelids w/ absence of eyelashes & glands

due to absence of ocular tissue

Answer 2

Coloboma of Eyelids

Question 3

most common congenital anomalies of eyelids

skin stretches from the upper to the lower eyelid, partially covering the inner canthus

Answer 3

Epicanthus

Question 4

simulate the appearance of convergent strabismus

pseudo-strabismus or esotropia

Answer 4

Epicanthus

Question 5

drooping of the eyelid w/ narrowing of palpebral fissure

smoothing of lid and loss of lid fold (horizontal furrow)

Answer 5

Blepharoptosis

Question 6

bilateral ptosis due to interference of CN#3 (LPS,SR)

Answer 6

Congenital ptosis

Question 7

unilateral ptosis due to neural, muscular, or mechanical factors

Answer 7

acquired ptosis

Question 8

Neural factors of ptosis:

Answer 8

paralytic lesion of CN#3 - LPS

paralytic lesions of sympathetic nerve - Muller’s muscle and dilator pupillae

Question 9

supernumerary rows of eyelashes

Answer 9

Distichiasis

Question 10

meibomian glands are replaced by 2nd row of eyelashes

Answer 10

Distichiasis

Question 11

absence of eyelids

Answer 11

ablepharon

Question 12

partial or complete adhesion of upper & lower lid margins

often associated with symblepharon

Answer 12

Ankyloblepharon

Question 13

adhesion between inner surface of eyelids and eyeball

adhesion of palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva

Answer 13

Symblepharon

Question 14

decrease in size or dimension of palpebral fissure

associated with epicanthus & ptosis

Answer 14

Blepharophimosis

or

Blepharostenosis

Question 15

widening of palpebral fissure

Answer 15

Dalrymple’s sign

Question 16

absence of palpebral fissure

Answer 16

Cryptophthalmos

Question 17

small eyelids

Answer 17

Microblepharia

Question 18

conjunctiva folds running from fornix to lid margin

Answer 18

Epitarsus

Question 19

extra fold of skin at lower eyelid

Answer 19

Epiblepharon

Question 20

white or gray eyelashes

Answer 20

Poliosis

Question 21

absence of eyelashes

Answer 21

madarosis