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Ocular disease > congenital/developmental anomalies & inflammation of orbit > Flashcards

congenital/developmental anomalies & inflammation of orbit Flashcards

1
Q

diminished size & diameter of eyeball

A

Microphthalmos

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2
Q

eye is small but otherwise “normal”

A

nanophthalmos

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3
Q

degenerative shrinkage of the eyeball with disorganization

A

phthisis bulbi

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4
Q

enlargement of the eyeball

seen in congenital glaucoma

A

Buphthalmos

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5
Q

increase distance between 2 orbits

increased PD or pupillary distance

A

Hypertelorism

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6
Q

wider inter-canthal distance but “normal” PD

A

Telecanthus

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7
Q

abnormal bilateral protrusion of eyeball

A

Exophthalmos

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8
Q

recession of the eyeball within the floor or orbit

A

Enophthalmos

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9
Q

etiologies of Enophtalmos:

A

a. injury to floor of orbit (maxilla)
b. surgical decompression of orbit
c. atrophy of orbital fats

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10
Q

usually associated with endocrine disease (Grave’s disease)

A

Exophthalmos

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11
Q

passive or mechanical protrusion of eyeball (unilateral)

A

Proptosis

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12
Q

seen in Buphthalmos

retracted eyelids or wide palpebral fissure

A

Pseudoproptosis

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13
Q

disease of orbital contents that is characterized by:

axial proptosis

restricted eye movement

lid edema

chemosis

A

ORBITAL EDEMA

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14
Q

Inflammation of the cellular tissue of orbit

A

Orbital cellulitis

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15
Q

Orbital cellulitis can progress to?

A

retro-bulbar abscess

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16
Q

Etiologies of Orbital cellulitis:

A

ethmoiditis - most common

orbital injury

operation with secondary infection

17
Q

Complications of orbital cellulitis:

A

optic neuritis

Optic atrophy

18
Q

treatment of orbital cellulitis:

A

a. incision and drainage
b. massive antibiotics
c. warm compress

19
Q

orbital cellulitis w/ clinical manifestation of:

more orbital tumor than cellulitis

seen in middle age or older

A

Pseudo-tumor of Orbit

20
Q

rare inflammation w/ serous effusion into tenon’s space

seen in injury or tenotomy

A

Tenonitis

21
Q

inflammation of peri-orbital margins

characterized by thickening of membrane

A

Orbital Periostitis

22
Q

Orbital Periostitis Etiologies:

A

Tuberculosis

Syphilis

Trauma

Ocular disease (9 decks)

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