Eye Exam Flashcards
Describe an eye exam
Inspect per orbital region (eyes closed)
Inspect eye (eyes looking different directions)
Check visual acuity (Snellen eye chart) of each eye independently
Assess both visual fields with wiggle test
Assess extraocular motion (H test) and accommodation
Assess constriction (direct and indirect) of both eyes
Assess for strabismus by using the cover and uncover test
Fundoscopic exam (red reflex, optic disc and arterioles)
What is Xanthelasma?
Fatty deposits, concern for high cholesterol
What is proptosis/exophthalmos?
Bulging eyes, concern for HTN
What is ptosis?
Drooping of the upper eyelid due to muscle abnormalities or nerve injury (CN III or Horner syndrome)
What is chalazion?
Non tender and non painful blocked Meibomian gland (in eyelid)
What is hordeolum?
Bacterial infection of the Meibomian gland (on lash line)
What is subconjuctival hemorrhage?
Bleeding under conjunctiva
What is pterygium?
Tissue growth in reaction to UV radiation or dust
What is conjunctivitis?
Inflammation from allergies, viral or bacterial infection (red and goopy)
What are corneal abrasions?
Painful trauma to conjuctiva visualized by fluorscein stain and blue light
What is arcus senilis?
White deposit around cornea common with age
What is acute angle closure glaucoma?
Acute severe pain associated with decreased vision, fixed/dilated pupil
