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ECOS II Final > ECOS 1 Review > Flashcards

ECOS 1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

What is a positive log roll test indicate?

A

Piriformis syndrome with TTP in sciatic notch
Intra-articular pathology indicated with anterior/groin pain
Clicking = acetabular labral tear

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2
Q

What is a positive jump sign?

A

Pt withdraws or jumps with pressure

Indicates trochanteric bursitis

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3
Q

What is a modified trendelenburg?

A

A drop in the level/height of the lilac crest on the side of the lifted leg indicates a positive trendelenburg sign

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4
Q

What does a positive trendelenburg indicate?

A

Weakness in the hip abductor muscles consisting of the gluteus medius and minimus on the planted leg side

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5
Q

What does pain upon labral loading indicate?

A

Labral or cartilaginous pathology

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6
Q

What does improved pain upon labral distraction indicate?

A

Labral or cartilaginous pathology

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7
Q

What does pain upon a FABER (flexion, abduction, ER) indicate?

A

Intra-articular disorders such as labral tears, FAI or osteoarthritis
Also iliopsoas bursitis/strain

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8
Q

What is a positive Ober test?

A

Pain at greater trochanter or inability to adduct

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9
Q

What is a positive Scour test?

A

Pain

Indicates labral or articular cartilage pathology

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10
Q

What is a positive valgus test?

A

Laxity, soft, absent endpoint or pain

Indicates MCL disruption (sprain or tear)

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11
Q

What is a positive varus test?

A

Increased laxity, soft or absent endpoint, or pain

Indicates LCL disruption (sprain or tear)

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12
Q

What is a positive Lachman’s test?

A

Increased laxity or soft or absent endpoint

Indicates ACL disruption (partial insufficiency or complete tear)

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13
Q

What is a positive anterior or posterior drawer?

A

Increased laxity, soft or absent endpoint

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14
Q

What is a positive McMurray’s test?

A

Palpable click or pain during extension indicates meniscus injury or tear

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15
Q

What is a positive bounce home test?

A

Failure to fully extend

May indicate a meniscus injury or effusion or both

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16
Q

What is a positive Apley’s grind compression test?

A

Pain with compression or rotation

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17
Q

What is a positive Apley’s grind distraction test?

A
  1. Pain with distraction and rotation indicates possible collateral ligament damage
  2. Relief of pain with distraction and rotation
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18
Q

What is a positive patella femoral grind test?

A

Crepitus or pain

Dx = patella femoral pain syndrome (chondromalacia patella)

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19
Q

What is a positive bulge sign?

A

Either a fluid wave toward the lateral aspect or bulge on the medial side

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20
Q

What is a positive Talar tilt test?

A

Laxity, increased ROM or pain

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21
Q

What does a positive talar tilt test indicate?

A

Anterior tall fibular ligament injury
Calcaneofibular ligament pathology/tear
Lateral ankle sprain

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22
Q

What is a positive eversion test?

A

Pain elicited, increased ROM, increased laxity

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23
Q

What does a positive eversion test indicate?

A

Deltoid ligament pathology (medial ankle sprain)

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24
Q

What is an anterior drawer test for the ankle?

A

Pain elicited, no springing, increased laxity

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25
Q

What does a positive anterior drawer of the ankle indicate?

A

ATF ligament pathology/tear (lateral ankle sprain)

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26
Q

What is a positive squeeze test?

A

Pain at syndesmosis

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27
Q

What does a positive squeeze test indicate?

A

Syndesmosis pathology (high ankle sprain)

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28
Q

What is a positive Homan’s sign and what does it indicate?

A

Pain with dorsiflexion

Thrombophlebitis or acute DVT

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29
Q

In practice extreme caution should be exercised when performing Homan’s sign to minimize what?

A

Embolism risk especially when you have an edematous/erythematosus painful calf

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30
Q

What does neurologic pain between 30-60 degrees upon SLR testing indicate?

A

Lumbar disc herniation at L4-S1 nerve roots
Lumbosacral radiculopathy
Sciatic neuropathy

31
Q

A resisted SLR indicated what?

A

SCFE or femoral acetabular impingement

32
Q

What should the angle of trunk rotation and the Cobb angle be?

A

ATR >7
Cobb angle >10 (X-ray)
Are abnormal

33
Q

What is a positive FAIR test?

A

Pain produced in sciatic/gluteal area

34
Q

What is a positive low midline sill sign?

A

Observable or palpable anterior displacement of superior segment compared to pathologic segment

35
Q

What is a positive Thomas test?

A

Inability to fully extend leg or leg raises off the table

36
Q

What are the spinal levels being tested for biceps and brachioradialis reflexes?

37
Q

What spinal levels are being tested for triceps reflex?

38
Q

What is a positive apprehension test and what does it indicate?

A

Pt apprehension

Indicates GH instability

39
Q

What is a positive empty can test and what does it indicate?

A

Pain or weakness

Indicates supraspinatus pathology

40
Q

What is a positive painful Arc test?

A

Pain between 60-120 degrees of abduction

41
Q

What does a positive painful arc test indicate?

A

Subacromial bursa impingement and/or rotator cuff injury

42
Q

What is a positive drop arm test and what does it indicate?

A

Uncontrolled arm drop

Supraspinatus pathology

43
Q

What is a positive Neer impingement test and what does it indicate?

A

Pain

Indicates subacromial bursa impingement or rotator cuff impingement

44
Q

What is a positive cross arm test and what does it indicate?

A

AC joint pain or increased TTA

AC joint pathology

45
Q

What is a positive Hawkins test and what does it indicate?

A

Pain

Indicates subacromial bursa impingement or rotator cuff impingement

46
Q

What is a positive varus stress test?

A

Pain/tenderness with palpation

Increased laxity in LCL

47
Q

What does a positive varus stress test indicate?

A

Sprained lateral (radial) collateral ligament

48
Q

What is a positive valgus stress test?

A

Pain/tenderness with palpation increased laxity in UCL

49
Q

What does a positive valgus stress test indicate?

A

Sprained medial (ulnar) collateral ligament

50
Q

What is the medial epicondylitis test?

A

Indicates medial epicondylitis

+ test = pain or tenderness around the medial epicondyle

51
Q

What is the lateral epicondylitis test?

A

Tests for lateral epicondylitis

+ test = pain or tenderness around the lateral epicondyle

52
Q

Positive tinel test elicits what?

A

Tingling sensation down forearm within ulnar nerve distribution
Indicates ulnar nerve entrapment/cubital tunnel syndrome

53
Q

What is the finkelstein test?

A

+ test = increased pain in first dorsal compartment (lateral wrist)
Indicates DeQuervain’s tenosynovitis

54
Q

What is a positive phalen’s sign?

A

Any reproduction of sx such as paresthesia in the distribution of the median nerve
Indicated carpal tunnel

55
Q

What is a positive neck compression test?

A

Reproduction of sx (i.e. pain, paresthesia, or numbness down the arm in the nerve root distribution)

56
Q

What is a positive neck distraction test?

A

Alleviation of sx

57
Q

What is a positive Spurling’s test?

A

Reproduction of sx (i.e. pain, paresthesia or numbness down the arm in the nerve root distribution)

58
Q

What is a positive Roos or EAST test?

A

Reproduction of sx (i.e. pain, paresthesia, weakness, pallor, cyanosis, swelling)

59
Q

What is a positive Wright’s hyperabduction test?l

A

Loss or change in pulse
Reproduction of sx (pain/paresthesia)
Specifically tests neurovascular entrapment by pectoralis minor muscle

60
Q

Find adsons test and costoclavicular test

61
Q

Which nerve is evaluated to test smell?

A

Olfactory (I)

62
Q

Which nerve is evaluated for testing pupillary reflex, visual acuity and visual fields?

A

Optic nerve (II)

63
Q

Which nerves test cardinal signs of gaze?

A

CN III, IV and VI (Oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens)

64
Q

What else does the oculomotor nerve test for?

A

Near reaction and pupillary reflex

65
Q

What does the trigeminal nerve test for?

A

Face sensation, muscles of mastication, corneal reflex

66
Q

What does the facial nerve test?

A

Muscles of facial expression and corneal reflex

67
Q

Which nerve tests hearing?

A

Vestibulocochlear (VIII)

68
Q

What does the glossopharyngeal nerve test?

A

Swallowing, phonation and gag reflex

69
Q

What does the vagus nerve evaluate for?

A

Soft palate and uvula, swallowing, phonation and gag reflex

70
Q

What does the spinal accessory nerve test?

A

Trapezius and SCM muscle strength

71
Q

What is a positive Romberg test and what does it indicate?

A

Loss of balance
Loss of balance with eyes open indicative of Cerebellar pathology
Loss of balance with eyes closed indicative or propioceptive or vestibular lesion

72
Q

What is a positive pronator drift test and what does it indicate?

A

One forearm turns inward and down
Indicative of contralateral corticospinal tract lesion
Next tap the arms and see if they return to neutral (w/ cerebrally pathology pt may overcorrect moving upward and out)

73
Q

What is the Babinksi reflex (plantar response)?

A

Normal response = plantarflexion of the great toe
Abnormal = dorsiflexion of the great toe
Indicative of UMN lesion

74
Q

What are the meningeal signs?

A

Nuchal rigidity, Brudzinski’s and Kernig’s sign

ECOS II Final (10 decks)

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