Eye/Ear- Unit 5 Flashcards
What happens with a refraction error?
The eyeball is shortened or elongated - it’s doing something wrong.
Hyperopia - def
farsightedness (can’t see near)
Myopia - def. What age?
nearsightedness (can’t see far) Up to age 30 is normal.
Presbyopia - def. What age?
bifocals (asymmetrical corneal surface) - typically after the age of 40. It’s basically farsightedness just for older people.
Refraction - def
how the light gets bent.
Cataracts - normal age ___ and up.
60.
Macular Degeneration - normal age ___ and up.
65
Astigmatism - def
asymmetrical infraction (light focused in different areas)
What are some eye changes associated with aging?
Arcus senilis (hazy white ring around the cornea), decreased corneal transparency, decreased ability to tolerate glare, decreased night vision and color vision, decreased eye muscle ton, and dry eye (might need eye drops!)
What are some assessment questions we ask for the eyes?
Onset, duration, cause, treatment of problem
What are two of the most common eye problems?
Visual changes and eye pain (ask questions about the kind of pain, etc.)
What are some eye history questions?
Family history, psychosocial history (drugs, chemicals, fumes, lifestyle), past medical history (diabeetus, HTN, asthma, CV problems), past eye history, etc.
What’s the ishihara chart?
Colorblindness, where there’s a bunch of dots and a different color in the middle and you say what that thing is.
Legal blindness - best acuity with correction is __/__ or less OR widest diameter of visual field no greater than __ degrees.
20/200 —- 20 degrees.
Totally blind vs. functionally blind - differences?
Totally = can’t see any light at all.
Functionally blind = can see some light.
Unilateral blindness - def
Blind in one eye.
Bi-temporal hemianopsia - def
Blind in the outer half of both eyes.
Right homonymous hemianopsia - def
Blind in the right halves of the eye.
Left homonymous hemianopsia - def
blind in the left halves of the eyes.
Diplopia - def
Double vision.
Photophobia - def
Discomfort with exposure to light.
Floaters - def
Small black dots seen against a light background.
Photopsias - def
flashing lights, halos around lights.
Dyschromatopsias - def
Abnormal color vision.
Nyctalopia - def
Night blindness.
Hemeralopia - def
day blindness.
Does diabetes put you at great risk for visual changes?
YES
should older patients with visual problems have adequate, non-glare lighting in their rooms?
YES
What is blepharitis?
Inflamed, itchy and red eyelid. Greasy scales on brows and lids. You have decreased tear formation with this!