Cardiac - Unit 2 - Hypertension Flashcards
BP = __ x __
CO X SV
What are the four control systems for BP?
- Arterial Baroreceptor System
- Regulation of Body Fluid Volume
- Renin Angiotensin System
- Vascular Autoregulation
What does vagus stimulation do?
Decreases HR, Increases vasodilation, Decreases BP
What does Body Fluid Volume do?
Increases fluid, increases venous return, increases CO, increases Arterial Pressure, increases diuresis
What does aldosterone do?
Retains sodium - so then our BP increases.
When is it considered hypertension?
A BP of greater than 135/85 on three or more occasions.
Which changes quicker to meet the body’s need..systolic or diastolic?
Systolic
What do systolic and diastolic reflect?
Systolic - cardiac output controlled by ANS.
Diastole - vascular resistance, preload.
Should we have the pt. sit in a chair and immediately take their BP?
No, “rest” for 5 minutes - because they’s possible!
What is primary or essential hypertension?
No known cause - 90% of HTN. Results in damage to vital organs.
What is secondary HTN?
caused by other medical condition, like renal disease, endocrine disorders, brain lesions.
What should we teach a patient with HTN?
Sodium restriction, weight reduction, reduce alcohol intake, exercise, decrease stress levels, no smoking, etc.
What is the “elevated” assessment for HTN?
E - exertional SOB L - Lack of activity E - Early morning H/A V - vascular changes/visual changes (can't see well) A - Anxiety T - Tired E - Epistaxis (nose bleeds) D - Diastolic pressure elevated
Do diuretics throw out a lot of potassium?
YES
What do thiazide diuretics do? What’s the prototype?
HCTZ - promote secretion of Na+, K+, Water — decrease Blood volume, decrease CO, etc.
