Eye Disease and Visual Disturbance Flashcards
what is an easy way to interpret the red glass test?
holding up red piece of glass in front of eyes
the eye is not moving where the red image appears to be.
red glass over the impaired eye
what is the most common form of retinal degeneration from the following:
- serous retinitis
- retinitis pigmentosa
- confluent drusen
- drug induced retinopathy
- paraneoplastic retinal degradation
retinitis pigmentosa
lack of red reflex in newborn should make you suspect what diseases?
congenital rubella, MCV, or retinoblastoma
Glaucoma is associated with which of the following diseases:
NF1 NF2 sturge-weber arnold chiari Tuberous sclerosis
Sturge weber (up to 1/3 of pts)
treatment for CMV?
gangcyclovir
Methyl alcohol intoxication can produce what acute change in visual field?
large central scotoma
Key finding that will distinguis papilledema from increased ICP vs papillitis
visual loss with papillitis
key difference between tunnel vision and concentric constriction?
with tunnel the field is always the same near and far
with CC the field appears bigger farther away (associated with neurosyphilis)
Swinging flashlight test with marcus gun pupil; what is finding and what is association?
dilation of one pupil when light is moved from that pupil to other eye and back again to affected eye
associated with MS
most common ocular motor paresis?
CN VI - lateral rectus palsy
what is Gradenigo syndrome
arises secondary to otitis media, mastoiditis, involving apex of petrous pyramid
results in irritation to abduscens and trigeminal nerve
cranial nerve most likely to by injured with trauma to the face?
CN IV - superior oblique
because it extends far into the orbit
injury to this nerve may induce a slight head tilt to compensate for the affected eye
varicella with involvement of facial nerve is also likely to involve what other CN?
CN IV because it shares the nerve sheath with opthalmic division of trigeminal nerve
initial sign of pressure on CN III will be?
pupilloconstrictor fibers
CN III palsy associated with DM will show?
pain in and about the eye.
DM spares pupillary function because it affects the nerve deep not superficial
pupillary constriction with adduction of the globe suggests?
abberant regeneration of the third CN
describe what is seen on MLF syndrome
incomplete ipsilateral adduction on conjugate lateral gaze, then nystagmus in abducting eye with fast component directed temporally
internuclear opthalmoplegia
what type of nystagmus is produced in a normal patient by having them look at a rotating drum?
optokinetic nystagmus
young woman with poorly responsive pupils and some absent reflexes indicates?
Adie tonic pupil - totally benign
sudden painless vision loss in one eye (usually starts with inferior field) with papillitis on exam
ischemic optic neuritis
after optic nerve injury resolves what is likely to be seen on exam
disc pallor
what change in vision will result from damage to one side of the occipital lobe
contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
what will you see on lesion impinging on optic chiasm
upper quadrant affected in contralateral side of contralateral eye as well as ipsilateral central scotoma
