Extras: Summary Sheets Antimicrobials Flashcards
specific bacteria that levofloxacin is good against
drug-resistant strep pneumo
big AE for levofloxacin
neuro issues - peripheral neuropathy, psychosis, seizures, exac myasthenia gravis
3rd gen cephalosporins: which two are IV and which two are PO
- IV: ceftriaxone, ceftazidine
2. PO: cefpodoxime, cefditoren
which cephalosporin is best for pts with renal or hepatic impairment?
ceftriaxone
two cephalosporins that target pseudomonas
IV ones: ceftriaxone, ceftazidime
two Abx classes from this section that are bacteriostatic
macrolides, tetracyclines
three specific bacteria that doxycycline is good against
- H. flu
- Klebsiella
- mycoplasma pneumoniae
macrolides are great for which specific 8 bacteria
- Neisseria
- pasteurella
- H. flu
- Legionella
- mycoplasma
- chlamydia
- mycobacteria
- rickettsia
biggest AE for macrolides
interact with CYP450 and P-glycoproteins
which Abx causes nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and ototoxicity
gentamicin
major AE for aztreonam and imipenem
anaphylaxis
baloxavir MOA
inhibits endonuclease -> blocks replication
only anti-viral that works against influenza A only (others also work against influenza B)
amantadine
why is amphotericin so toxic?
binds cholesterol
-conazoles MOA
inhibits lanosterol -> ergosterol, interrupting fungi cell wall
what pts must use extreme caution with flucytosine?
pts with renal impairment
MOA of all four Tb drugs
- Rifampin: inhibits mycolic acid synthesis
- Isoniazid: inhibits transcription
- Pyrazinamide: lowers pH
- Ethambutol: inhibits cell wall synthesis
two drugs used for latent Tb
isoniazid, rifampin
two drugs used for maternal Tb
isoniazid, pyrazinamide
other use for ethambutol besides Tb
MAC
major AE for Tb drugs
hepatotixicity
AE for isoniazid and how to avoid
peripheral neuropathy - give with pyridoxine
major AE for ethambutol
visual disturbances
two possible empiric drugs for infective endocarditis
nafcillin, oxacillin
