Extrachromosomal Inheritance

Question 1

extrachromosomal inheritcance is also known as ____

Answer 1

cytoplasmic/extranuclear inheritance

Question 2

refers to the inheritcance of traits that are not controlled by chromosome genes

Answer 2

extrachromosomal inheritance

Question 3

this form of inheritance occurs in cytoplasm of cells and involves genes present in cytoplasmic organelles

Answer 3

extrachromosomal inheritance

Question 4

extrachromosomal hereditary factors have the ability to self-replicate and can be transmitted ____ or ___

Answer 4

sexually, asexually

Question 5

extrachromosomal inheritance was discovered by

Answer 5

Boris Ephrussi

Question 6

Types of Extrachromosomal inheritance (2)

Answer 6

-chloroplast inheritance
-mitochondrial inheritance

Question 7

Chloroplast inheritance possess their own DNA called__

Answer 7

chloroplast DNA (cpDNA)

Question 8

Chloroplast inheritance was first discovered by ___ and ___

Answer 8

Carl Correns; Erwin Baur

Question 9

Correns conducted a study on _____ commonly know as the four o’clock plant, where he observed tha the transmission of leaf color was strictly maternal, determined by the color of the ovule’s source

Answer 9

Mirabilis jalapa

Question 10

Baur found in his experiment in ____ that chloroplast genes can also be inherited from both parents or from the male parent only, resulting in ___ plants

Answer 10

geranium (Pelargonium zonale);
variegated

Question 11

is the main form of extrachromosomal inheritance in animals

Answer 11

mtDNA

Question 12

mtDNA is __ and encodes __ genes on ___ of DNA

Answer 12

circular; 37; 16.5 kb

Question 13

who discovered the DNA in mitochondria?

Answer 13

Margit abd Sylvan Nass

Question 14

Mitochondria are primarily inherited ___, mostly ___

Answer 14

uniparentally, maternally

Question 15

Modes of extrachromosomal inheritance (3)

Answer 15

vegetative segregation
biparental inheritance
uniparental inheritance

Question 16

refers to the mode of inheritcance where genetic material or traits are inherited from a single parent (either mother or father)

Answer 16

Uniparental inheritance

Question 17

this mode is a less common form of extrachromosomal inheritance where the genetic material from both parents contributes to the traits encoded by the extrachromosomal organelles

Answer 17

biparental inheritance

Question 18

this mode occur when there is a transfer of extrachromosomal genetic material from both maternal and paternal parents to offspring

Answer 18

biparental inheritance

Question 19

(Who) observed the inheritcane of leaf phenotypes in ____, describing the transmission of chloroplasts throught _____inheritance

Answer 19

Baur; Pelargonium cultivars; biparental

Question 20

is a mode of extrachromosomal inheritance that volves the random distribution of cytoplasmic elements during cell division in asexual reproduction

Answer 20

vegetative segregation

Question 21

in this process, extrachromosomal DNA wthin cytoplasm is randomy segregated into daughter cells, resulting in unequal distribution of cytoplasmic content

Answer 21

vegetative segregation