Extra tests (vitals, cog) Flashcards
HR/pulse rates
-normal: 60-90 bpm
-bradychardia: <60 bpm
-tachychardia: >100 bpm
HR/pulse rhythms
Regular = interval between beats
Regularly irregular = skip the same beat each cycle
Irregularly irregular = skip beats randomly
Bigeminal = two beats occur in rapid succession
HR/pulse quality
Absent (0): no perceptible pulse
Threads (1+): easily obliterated, barely perceptible, in and out
Weak (2+): difficult to palpate, stronger than threads, obliterated w/ light pressure
Normal (3+): easy to palpate, requires moderate pressure to obliterate
Bounding (4+): very strong, not obliterated w/ moderate pressure `
Respiratory rates (adult norms, abnorms)
Adult male: 14-18 breaths/min
Adult female: 16-20 breaths/min
Tachypnea = rapid (>20 breaths/min)
Bradypnea = slow (<10 breaths/min)
BP values (systolic, diastolic)
Normal: <120 and <80
Elevated: 120-129 and <80
High BP (HTN stage 1): 130-139 OR 80-89
High BP (HTN stage 2): 140+ OR 90+
Hypertensive crisis: 180+ and/or 120+
Normal SaO2 range
92-99%
Limitations to SaO2
-poor circulation or anemia
-not accurate enough w/ COPD
-temperature
-nail polish
-ambient lighting
-movement
-CO inhalation (gives false high reading)
Pitting edema
1+: indentation barely detected
2+: slight indentation, returns to normal within 15 secs
3+: deeper indentation, returns to normal within 30 secs
4+: indentation lasts >30 secs
Measuring edema w/ measuring tape (circumferential, figure 8)
Circumferential over limbs - start w/ reference point (bony prominence), measure rings at documented intervals usually 3-4 cm apart
Ankle figure 8: med mall, base of 5th ray, base of 1st MT, lat mall
Foot figure 8: med mall, head of 5th ray, head of 1st MT, lat mall
Hand figure 8: radial styloid process, 5th MC head, 2nd MC head, ulnar styloid process, back to radial styloid process
