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Anatomy, Lower Limb > Extra muscle info > Flashcards

Extra muscle info Flashcards

1
Q

anterior muscles of thigh

A 
Iliacus
Psoas major 
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Vastus medialis
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
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2
Q

All anterior muscles of the anterior thigh innervated by

A

femoral nerve

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3
Q

iliopsoas innervation

A

associated with branches of lumbar spinal nerve

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4
Q

All quadriceps ( name them) insert into

A

Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius
Insert into tibial tuberosity

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5
Q

medial muscles of thigh

A 
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Pectineus
Gracilis
Obturator externus
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6
Q

all muscles of medial thigh innervated by ( some have more than one innervation)

A

obturator nerve

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7
Q

muscles that have dual innervation

A

Pectineus
Adductor magnus
biceps femoris

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8
Q

2 joint muscles for anterior and medial thigh

A 
Sartorius
Flex hip, external rotate hip flex knee 
Rectus femoris
Flex hip, extend knee
Gracilis
Adducts hip, flex knee
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9
Q

which medial muscle of thigh is most posterior adductor

A

adductor magnus

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10
Q

Obturator externus I v obturator internus I

A

Obturator externus- obturator N ( it is the ONLY lateral rotator innervated by obturator N.– LUMBAR PLEXUS)
Obturator internus- NOT obturator n. ( nerve to obturator interns– VENTRAL RAMI OF SACRAL PLEXUS )

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11
Q

Pectineus innervations ( dual)

A

pectineous
Anteriorly – femoral
Posteriorly- obturator

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12
Q

Adductor magnus innervation ( dual )

A

adductor magnus
Anteriorly- obturator (oblique fibers)
Posteriorly – Tibial ( fibers parallel to hamstring)

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13
Q

biceps femoris innervation ( dual)

A

Biceps femoris
• Long head- tibial
• Short head- common peronneal

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14
Q

The rectus femoris does NOT originate where ( not like the other quads)

A

Linea aspera

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15
Q

kicking muscles of leg

A

rectus femoris and iliopsoas

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16
Q

what muscle does the lumbar plexus go through

A

psoas major

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17
Q

what is odd about obturator externus

A

innervated by obturator nerve, but it is a LATERAL rotator of hip

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18
Q

when are the abductors of the leg most active

A

when contralateral side is in swing phase of gait

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19
Q

The lateral rotators of the hip ( w exception of one ) are innervated by ( sacral or lumbar plexus)?

A

Sacral plexus

Not lumbar plexus like obturator nerve

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20
Q

Name lateral rotators of hip

A 
Piriformis
Superior gemellus
Obturator internus
Inferior gemellus
Quadratus femoris 
Obturator externus * ( odd one – innervated by obturator nerve- LUMBAR PLEXUS, NOT SACRAL PLEXUS LIKE THE OTHERS)
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21
Q

nerve to obturator internus innervates

A

obturator internus and superior gamellus

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22
Q

nerve to quadratus femoris innervates

A

quadratus femoris and inferior gamellus

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23
Q

Where does the IT band insert?

A

Lateral tibial condyle NOT the fibular head

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24
Q

Extra detail about obturator internus

A

Most tendonous → SG, IG insert to the tendon

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25
Q

Common insertion for most hamstrings

A

Ischial tuberosity

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26
Q

Name posterior thigh muscles aka hamstrings

A

Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris

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27
Q

All posterior thigh muscles ( except 1) are innervated by?

A

Tibial portion of the sciatic nerve

Except- short head of biceps femoris→ common peroneal n

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28
Q

Common function of posterior muscles of thigh

A

Flexion of leg at knee joint

Extension of thigh at hip joint

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29
Q

Is adductor magnus 1J or 2J muscle

A

1 J

does NOT cross knee

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30
Q

weird info about adductor magnus

A

Has dual innervation – obturator and tibial
The longitudinal fibers also called hamstring fibers
Creates adductor hiatus
Femoral artery becomes popliteal artery
Popliteal vein becomes femoral vein

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31
Q

What is innervated by obturator nerve (6)

A 
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis 
Pectineus 
Obturator externus
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32
Q

name anterior muscles of leg

A

tibialis anterior
externsor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus
peroneus tertius

33
Q

all anterior muscles of leg are innervated by

A

deep peroneal nerve

34
Q

name lateral muscles of leg

A

peroneus longus

peroneus brevis

35
Q

all lateral muscles of leg are innervated by

A

superficial peroneal nerve

36
Q

name the superficial muscles of the posterior aspect of the leg

A

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

37
Q

name the deep muscles of the posterior aspect of leg

A

popliteus
flexor hallucis longus
flexor digitorum longus
tibialis posterior

38
Q

all muscles on posterior aspect of leg innervated by

A

tibial nerve

39
Q

peronneous tertius is innervated by?

A

Deep peronneal nerve NOT superficial peronneal nerve

40
Q

Where do the “longus “ muscles insert into toes?

A

Into the distal phalanges of digits

41
Q

What is the ONLY intrinsic muscle of the foot* and its innervation

A

Extensor digitorum brevis – deep peronal nerve

42
Q

What is the articularis genu

A

Muscle that inserts into capsule of joint, considered 5th head of quadriceps
Pulls synovial joint up when joint is violently extended to prevent pinching of membranes

43
Q

Peroneus longus v peroneus brevis location in leg

A

Peroneus longus is superficial to brevis

44
Q

Peroneus longus v peroneus brevis location in hind foot

A

o Peroneus longus is DEEP to brevis

45
Q

What creates a pure antagonist “lasso” in plantar aspect of foot

A 
Tibialis anterior (dorsiflexion and inversion)
and peroneus longus (plantar flexion and eversion)
46
Q

What is the only intrinsic muscle of the foot and its innervation

A

Extensor digitorum brevis, innervated by deep peronneal nerve

47
Q

Muscles innervated by deep peroneal nerve ( 6)

A 
4 anterior compartment of leg-
-tibialis anterior 
-extensor digitorum longus
-extensor hallucis longus
-peroneus tertius
intrinsic muscle of leg
-extensor digitorum brevis 
extensor hallucis brevis …
48
Q

Muscles innervated by superficial peroneal nerve (2)

A

Peroneus longus

Peroneus brevis

49
Q

Muscles innervated by tibial nerve (7)

A 
gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris
popliteus 
tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus 
flexor hallucis longus
50
Q

what originates at sinus tarsi

A

inferior flexor retinaculum

extensor digitorum brevis

51
Q

what makes up the triceps surae

A

Soleus

2 heads of gastrocnemius

52
Q

where does the tricep surae insert

A

common tendon into the middle 1/3 of the posterior calcaneus

53
Q

is plantaris tendon part of triceps surae

A

NO

54
Q

Organization of deep muscles of the posterior leg at the leg*

A

Do The Hustle
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibialis posterior
Flexor hallucis longus

55
Q

Organization of deep muscles of leg AT the ankle? Aka contents of ______

A 
Tom Dick and  very nervous Harry  M→L
Tibialis posterior,
flexor digitorum longus, 
neurovascular bundle 
flexor hallucis longus 
contents of tarsal tunnel
56
Q

Tibialis posterior inserts into what????*

A

Into all the tarsal bones except the talus

57
Q

What is one of the insertions of popliteus ( kinda special) and what ligament is above it

A

It is INTRA ARTICULAR ( knee joint) – lateral collateral ligament of knee
Above popliteus→ Arcuate ligament

58
Q

Function of popliteus with respect to femur

A

initiates FLEXION of knee, unscrews the knee joint as you initiate flexion
Laterally ( externally) rotates femur in closed kinetic chain

59
Q

Function of popliteus with respect to tibia?

A

Medially rotates the tibia in open kinetic chain

60
Q

Dorsum layer of foot

A

Extensor digitorum brevis

Extensor hallucis brevis

61
Q

First planter layer of foot

A

Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis – deep to plantar fascia
Abductor digiti minimy

62
Q

Second layer of foot

A

Lumbricals
Tendon of flexor hallucis longus
Tendon of flexor digitorum longus
Quadratus plantae

63
Q

Third layer of foot

A 
flexor hallucis brevis -  2 heads which have a sesamoid bone on each side 
adductor hallucis –
transverse
oblique 
Flexor digiti minimy brevis
64
Q

Fourth later of food

A

3 PAD- palmar interossei

4 DAB- 4 dorsal interossei

65
Q

Medial tibial nerve innervates what?* everything else is innervated by what

A 
2LAFF
2 lumbricals 
Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis 
Flexor hallucis brevis 
Everything else is innervated by lateral tibial nerve**
66
Q

Where do the lumbricals arise from ( o and I )

A

FDL tendon

Originate medially, insert laterally

67
Q

Location of lumbrical tendons with respect to intermetatarsal ligament

A

Deep to transverse intermetatarsal ligament

68
Q

What is the wing sling mechanism

A

It allows for lumbricals to FLEX metatarsal phalanges and Extend the interphalangeal joint (helps FDL )

69
Q

Does FDL or FDB bifurcate?

A

Flexor digitorum brevis bifurcates to allow FDL to go to Distal digits
FDB attach to base of middle phalanx

70
Q

Function of quadratus plantae

A

Accessory to FDL

Straightens out pull of obliquely oriented tendon of FDL

71
Q

What is the master knot of henry

A

Where tendons of FHL and FDL cross

72
Q

PADS and DABS of foot innervated by

A

Tibial nerve

73
Q

Insertion of plantar interossei

A

Medially ( 5 4 3)

74
Q

Insertion of dorsal interossei

A

1- medially

2,3,4 laterally

75
Q

what abducts 5th toe

A

abductor digiti minimy

76
Q

what adducts 5th toe

A

5th plantar interossei

77
Q

location of peroneus longus and brevis wrt to lateral malleolus

A

posteriorly to fibular malleolus

78
Q

what muscle is pierced by obturator nerve

A

obturator externus

Anatomy, Lower Limb (10 decks)

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