Clinical Aspects

Question 1

damage to femoral nerve results in

Answer 1

impaired flexion of the hip and impaired extension of the leg
diminished or absent patellar reflex

Question 2

damage to obturator nerve results in

Answer 2

lateral swinging of the limb during walking

because of unopposed abductors

Question 3

what nerve damage causes a gluteal gait

Answer 3

superior gluteal nerve ( + trendelenberg sign)

aka waddling gait

Question 4

what nerve damage causes a glutal maximus gait

Answer 4

inferior gluteal nerve

Question 5

How do you test for hip abductor insufficiency*

Answer 5

Trendelenberg test
Have pt stand on one leg
If the abductors you are testing are weak you will notice sagging on the CONTRALATERAL SIDE

Question 6

Left pelvic drop could be due to

Answer 6

RIGHT gluteus medius

RIGHT superior gluteal n

Question 7

What happens when pt walks if he has damage to R gluteus medius

Answer 7

Has left pelvic tilt

So in order to compensate they will lean to the RIGHT side ( lurch ) – to stabilize their center of gravity

Question 8

Gluteus maximus gait

Answer 8

Damage to inferior gluteal nerve
Anterior thigh muscles overpower gluteus maximus
Results in extension of SPINE in order to shift center of gravity Posteriorly
Like Frankenstein

Question 9

Is the head and neck of femurl parallel to a tangent of the femoral condyle of distal femur?

Answer 9

NO- it has 12 degrees of ANTEVERSION

Question 10

What happens with increased anteversion

Answer 10

Patient will in toe- will try to accommodate and place toes medially→ will have POSTERIOR hip pain due to impingement

Question 11

What happens with retroversion

Answer 11

Patient will OUT toe
Exhibits anterior hip pain
Difficulty with propulsion

Question 12

6 degrees of anteversion

Answer 12

it is still anteverted but will exterience effects of retroversion

Question 13

what nerve is compressed in drop foot

Answer 13

common peronneal nerve

knocks out anterior and lateral compartment of leg

Question 14

how will someone with dropfoot compensate for their inury

Answer 14

circumduct leg

high steppage gait by hyperflexing hip

Question 15

what muscle paralysis can cause foot drop

Answer 15

tibialis anterior

Question 16

which artery is last to occlude in a diabetic patient?

Answer 16

Peroneal artery

Question 17

Avulsion fracture of 5th metacarpal can be caused by?

Answer 17

Peroneus brevis? It can pull a piece of the styloid process of 5th metacarpal

Question 18

Volkmans contracture

Answer 18

Permanent flexion of the aponeurosis

Question 19

What do you see in a posterior dislocation of hip

Answer 19

Extremity is shortened and INTERNALLY rotated

Question 20

What do you see in a hip fracture

Answer 20

Extremity is shortened and EXTERNALLY rotated

Question 21

Areas of high ankle sprains (& ligament) and WHY

Answer 21

anterior Talofibular ligament, posterior talofibular ligament , calcaneofibular ligament

WEAK

Question 22

Posterior translocation of tibia on femur would rupture what

Answer 22

PCL, ACL too because its weaker than PCL

Question 23

Anterior translocation of tibia on femur would rupture what

Answer 23

ACL

Question 24

Which bursa is associated with the synovium of knee joint*/ what can happen

Answer 24

Supra patellar bursa

Infection there can cause septic bursitis which can get into knee joint

Question 25

Most commonly missed fracture of foot*

Answer 25

At the lisfrancs joint

Fx at base of second metatarsal and first cuneiform

Question 26

During inversion which muscles of the foot are at risk for rupture

Answer 26

Proneus longus and peroneus brevis