Clinical Aspects Flashcards
damage to femoral nerve results in
impaired flexion of the hip and impaired extension of the leg
diminished or absent patellar reflex
damage to obturator nerve results in
lateral swinging of the limb during walking
because of unopposed abductors
what nerve damage causes a gluteal gait
superior gluteal nerve ( + trendelenberg sign)
aka waddling gait
what nerve damage causes a glutal maximus gait
inferior gluteal nerve
How do you test for hip abductor insufficiency*
Trendelenberg test
Have pt stand on one leg
If the abductors you are testing are weak you will notice sagging on the CONTRALATERAL SIDE
Left pelvic drop could be due to
RIGHT gluteus medius
RIGHT superior gluteal n
What happens when pt walks if he has damage to R gluteus medius
Has left pelvic tilt
So in order to compensate they will lean to the RIGHT side ( lurch ) – to stabilize their center of gravity
Gluteus maximus gait
Damage to inferior gluteal nerve
Anterior thigh muscles overpower gluteus maximus
Results in extension of SPINE in order to shift center of gravity Posteriorly
Like Frankenstein
Is the head and neck of femurl parallel to a tangent of the femoral condyle of distal femur?
NO- it has 12 degrees of ANTEVERSION
What happens with increased anteversion
Patient will in toe- will try to accommodate and place toes medially→ will have POSTERIOR hip pain due to impingement
What happens with retroversion
Patient will OUT toe
Exhibits anterior hip pain
Difficulty with propulsion
6 degrees of anteversion
it is still anteverted but will exterience effects of retroversion
what nerve is compressed in drop foot
common peronneal nerve
knocks out anterior and lateral compartment of leg
how will someone with dropfoot compensate for their inury
circumduct leg
high steppage gait by hyperflexing hip
what muscle paralysis can cause foot drop
tibialis anterior
which artery is last to occlude in a diabetic patient?
Peroneal artery
Avulsion fracture of 5th metacarpal can be caused by?
Peroneus brevis? It can pull a piece of the styloid process of 5th metacarpal
Volkmans contracture
Permanent flexion of the aponeurosis
What do you see in a posterior dislocation of hip
Extremity is shortened and INTERNALLY rotated
What do you see in a hip fracture
Extremity is shortened and EXTERNALLY rotated
Areas of high ankle sprains (& ligament) and WHY
anterior Talofibular ligament, posterior talofibular ligament , calcaneofibular ligament
WEAK
Posterior translocation of tibia on femur would rupture what
PCL, ACL too because its weaker than PCL
Anterior translocation of tibia on femur would rupture what
ACL
Which bursa is associated with the synovium of knee joint*/ what can happen
Supra patellar bursa
Infection there can cause septic bursitis which can get into knee joint
Most commonly missed fracture of foot*
At the lisfrancs joint
Fx at base of second metatarsal and first cuneiform
During inversion which muscles of the foot are at risk for rupture
Proneus longus and peroneus brevis
