Extra Grammar Flashcards

1
Q

~だらけ

この公園は、猫だらけだ。
この部屋はゴミだらけだ。

A

full of; covered with; a lot of (something undesirable)

There are cats all over this park.
This room is completely covered in garbage.

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2
Q

~ぎみ(気味)

彼は人の名前を忘れ気味である。

A

~like; ~looking; ~looked; tending to~

He tends to forget people’s names.

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3
Q

~ごとに

バスは10分ごとに通っている。
オリンピックは4年ごとに開催される。

A

each; every; at intervals of ~

The buses run every 10 minutes.
The Olympics are held every 4 years.

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4
Q

~か何か(かなにか)

彼は病気か何かだろう。
オレンジジュースか何か欲しいな。

A

~ or something

He must be sick or something.
I want some orange juice or something.

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5
Q

~切れない(きれない)

この部屋に100人は入り切れない。

A

unable to do; too much to finish/complete

This room cannot fit 100 people.

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6
Q

~きり

私は一人きりで暮らすのが嫌だ。

A

only; just; since; after ~

I don’t want to live all alone.

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7
Q

~切る(きる)

長い小説を2日間で読み切った。
お小遣いを使い切ってしまった。

A

to do something completely to the end
finish ~

I finished reading the long novel in two days.
I spent all my pocket money.

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8
Q

~っけ

次のテストっていつだっけ?
どこに住んでいるんだっけ?

A

a casual suffix to confirm something you are trying to remember
[who/what/when/where/why/how] again?

When is the next test again?
Where did you live again?

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9
Q

~込む(こむ)

この紙に必要な情報を書き込んでください。
あなたの口座にお金を振り込んだよ。

A

to do something for a long time or to move something inside; ~onto/into

Please write the necessary information onto this paper.
I transferred the money into your account.

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10
Q

も~ば~も

本を読むのが好きな人もいれば、嫌いな人もいます。

A

and; also; as well; either/or; neither/nor
This is used to show both [A] and [B] exist together.

It can be used with either:
- 2 positive points.
- 2 negative points.
- 1 positive and 1 negative point.

If there are people who like to read books, there will also be people who dislike it.

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11
Q

~向け(むけ)

初心者向けのコースがありますか。

A

intended for; aimed at ~

Do you have a course for beginners?

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12
Q

~向き(むき)

この本は初心者向きである。

A

suitable for ~

This book is suitable for beginners.

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13
Q

~ながらも

狭いながらも、このマンションは大好きだ。

A

but; although; despite ~

Despite it being small, I love this apartment.

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14
Q

~なんか / なんて / など

彼は私なんかよりすごい人だよ。
納豆なんて嫌いだ。
試験も近いし、テレビなど見ている暇はない。

A

give examples; things like; show modesty; make light of ~

なんか (informal)
He is a much better man than I am.
なんて (less formal)
I really hate natto.
など (formal, written)
Exams are close and I don’t have time to do things like watch TV.

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15
Q

~直す(なおす)

この作文はミスが多いから、書き直したほうがいいよ。
私はその仕事をやり直すことになる。

A

to do something again; to do over

This essay has a lot of mistakes, so you should do a rewrite.
I ended up having to do that job all over again.

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16
Q

なるべく

A

as much as possible

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17
Q

~において / における

当時においては、海外旅行など夢のようなことだった。

A

in; at (place); regarding; as for; in relation to ~

Back then, traveling abroad was like a dream.

18
Q

~につれて

台風が近づくにつれて、どんどん風が強くなってきた。

A

as; in proportion to; with; as… then ~

As the typhoon came closer, the wind gradually got stronger.

19
Q

~をはじめ

東京には東京タワーをはじめ多くの観光地がある。

A

for example; starting with ~

In Tokyo, there are many tourist attractions like Tokyo Tower and so on.

20
Q

~を込めて(をこめて)

彼女に愛を込めて手紙を書きました。

A

filled with; full of

I wrote her a letter full of my love.

21
Q

~を通じて / を通して(をつうじて / をとおして)

そのことは新聞を通じて知った。

A

through; via; throughout; by ~

I learned that from a newspaper.

22
Q

~っぱなし

このドアはいつも開けっぱなしだ。

A

leaving (something) on; leaving (something) still in use​

This door is always left open.

23
Q

~際に(さいに)

あなたが日本へ来る際には連絡ください。

A

when; at the time of; in the case of ~

Please contact me if you come to Japan.

24
Q

~最中に(さいちゅうに)

食事の最中に大きな地震が起こった。

A

while; during; in the middle of ~

During dinner there was a big earthquake.

25
Q

さて

さてクイズの時間です。

A

conjunction: well; now; then ~

Now then, it’s time for a quiz.

26
Q

せいぜい

せいぜい頑張ろうね!

A

at the most; at best; to the utmost

Let’s give it our all!

27
Q

すなわち

A

in other words; namely ~

28
Q

~てごらん

もう一度やってごらん。

A

(please) try to; (please) look
polite ver. of ~てみます

Please try it one more time.

29
Q

~てはじめて

日本に来てはじめてラーメンを食べた。

A

not until; only after [x] did I

I had never eaten ramen before coming to Japan.

30
Q

~てからでないと

親の許可をもらってからでなければ、日本への留学が出来ない。

A

must first do; cannot do without first doing ~

You must first get your parent’s permission, otherwise you will not be able to study abroad in Japan.

31
Q

~て済む(てすむ)

その夜は何の事故もなくて済んだ。

A

sufficient by; no problem to; resolve by ~

The night passed without any accidents.

32
Q

~ている場合じゃない(ているばあいじゃない)

今は笑っている場合ではない。

A

this is no time to be doing ~

This is not an occasion for laughter.

33
Q

~ても始まらない(てもはじまらない)

いまさらそんなことをいってもはじまらない

A

even if you… it’s no use; there is no point to ~

It is no use talking about that now.

34
Q

~ても構わない(てもかまわない)

雨が降っても構わない。

A

it doesn’t matter if ~

I don’t mind if it rains.

35
Q

~上で(うえで)

外国語を勉強する上で辞書はなくてはならないものだ。

A

upon; after; when; for; in order to

In order to study a foreign language, you need to have a dictionary.

36
Q

~上に(うえに)

今日は曇っている上に風が強いので、とても寒く感じられる。

A

as well; besides; in addition to; not only… but also ~

Today in addition to being cloudy, the wind is strong and so it feels very cold.

37
Q

~は~で有名(は~でゆうめい)

この学校はフットボールが強いことで有名です。

A

famous for ~

This school is famous for being strong in football.

38
Q

わざと

A

on purpose; intentionally ~

39
Q

~ようがない

どうにもしようがない。
お礼の申し上げようもない。

A

there is no way to; it’s impossible to ~

Nothing can be done about it.
I cannot thank you enough.

40
Q

~ずにはいられない

あの本を読まずにはいられない。
彼女は彼のことを考えずにはいられなかった。

A

can’t help but feel; can’t help but do; must do ~

I can’t help but to read that book.
She couldn’t stop thinking of him.

41
Q

~ずつ

私たちは一歩ずつ進みましょう。
彼女は少しずつ回復している。

A

apiece; each; at a time

Let’s move forward one step at a time.
She is recovering little-by-little.