Extra digestion questions Flashcards
Salivary Glands
paratoid, submandibular, sublingual, and saliva are all glands in mouth
Lingual frenulum
limits tongue movement
Visceral peritoneum
covers organs (vital organs) in abdominal cavity
Parietal peritoneum
covers the walls of the abdominal cavity
Falciform ligament
attaches liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm
Emulsification
breaks down large fatdroplets to smaller fatdroplets; function of bile
Monosaccharides
end product of carbohydrates
Amino acids
end product of proteins
Fatty acids and glycerol
end products of lipids
Pepsin
enzyme that acts on proteins; in stomach
Bolus
forms in the mouth; ball of food
Lysozyme
in the mouth; acts on bacteria
Gastric glands
in stomach, secrete gastric juices
Amylase
acts on carbohydrates; found in mouth (saliva) and pancreas)
Pepsinogen
inactive enzyme in stomach
Hydrochloric acid
converts pepsinogen into pepsin at pH 2
What are the main functions of the digestive system
- Ingestion
- Mastication
- Propulsion
- Mixing
- Secretion
- Digestion
- Absorption
- Defacation
What are the layers that make up the digestive tract
- Mucosa
- Submucosa
- Muscularis
- Serosa
How are the products of digestion are absorbed
- Microvili and vili
- Mucosa walls of small intestine
Describe the defacation reflex
A mass movement triggers it. Enough waste enter the rectum, tissues stretch
What is an adaquate diet
60% carbohydrates 10% fats 30% proteins
Name the salivary glands in the mouth
Partoid (in front of ears under skin)
Submandibular (under base of tongue and below mandible)
Sublingual (smallest, under anterior portion of the tongie)
What makes up saliva
99.5% water .%5: Salt to buffer chemicals Mucin for lubrication lysozyme- kill bacteria amylase- starch digestion enzyme
What structure limits the tongues movement
Lingual frenulum
