Extra digestion questions

Question 1

Salivary Glands

Answer 1

paratoid, submandibular, sublingual, and saliva are all glands in mouth

Question 2

Lingual frenulum

Answer 2

limits tongue movement

Question 3

Visceral peritoneum

Answer 3

covers organs (vital organs) in abdominal cavity

Question 4

Parietal peritoneum

Answer 4

covers the walls of the abdominal cavity

Question 5

Falciform ligament

Answer 5

attaches liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm

Question 6

Emulsification

Answer 6

breaks down large fatdroplets to smaller fatdroplets; function of bile

Question 7

Monosaccharides

Answer 7

end product of carbohydrates

Question 8

Amino acids

Answer 8

end product of proteins

Question 9

Fatty acids and glycerol

Answer 9

end products of lipids

Question 10

Pepsin

Answer 10

enzyme that acts on proteins; in stomach

Question 11

Bolus

Answer 11

forms in the mouth; ball of food

Question 12

Lysozyme

Answer 12

in the mouth; acts on bacteria

Question 13

Gastric glands

Answer 13

in stomach, secrete gastric juices

Question 14

Amylase

Answer 14

acts on carbohydrates; found in mouth (saliva) and pancreas)

Question 15

Pepsinogen

Answer 15

inactive enzyme in stomach

Question 16

Hydrochloric acid

Answer 16

converts pepsinogen into pepsin at pH 2

Question 17

What are the main functions of the digestive system

Answer 17

• Ingestion
• Mastication
• Propulsion
• Mixing
• Secretion
• Digestion
• Absorption
• Defacation

Question 18

What are the layers that make up the digestive tract

Answer 18

• Mucosa
• Submucosa
• Muscularis
• Serosa

Question 19

How are the products of digestion are absorbed

Answer 19

• Microvili and vili

- Mucosa walls of small intestine

Question 20

Describe the defacation reflex

Answer 20

A mass movement triggers it. Enough waste enter the rectum, tissues stretch

Question 21

What is an adaquate diet

Answer 21

60% carbohydrates 10% fats 30% proteins

Question 22

Name the salivary glands in the mouth

Answer 22

Partoid (in front of ears under skin)
Submandibular (under base of tongue and below mandible)
Sublingual (smallest, under anterior portion of the tongie)

Question 23

What makes up saliva

Answer 23

99.5% water .%5:
Salt to buffer chemicals
Mucin for lubrication
lysozyme- kill bacteria
amylase- starch digestion enzyme

Question 24

What structure limits the tongues movement

Answer 24

Lingual frenulum

Question 25

What ar the 3 stages of deglutition

Answer 25

Voluntary (bolus moved by tongue into pharynx)
Pharyngeal (involuntary, uvula and epiglottis close, breathing stops)
Esophageal- food is pushed down by waves of muscular movements (persitlsis0

Question 26

What does salivary amylase act on? what does it get broken into?

Answer 26

Starch gets broken into monosaccharides

Question 27

What are the 4 parts of the stomach

Answer 27

Cardia, fundus, body, pyloris

Question 28

What increases surface area in stomach

Answer 28

Rugae

Question 29

What helps to regulate the chyme in the stomach

Answer 29

Cardiac sphincter

Question 30

What is bile

Answer 30

Salts aid in emusification (break down fats)