Blood targets

Question 1

Erythrocytosis

Answer 1

RBC overabundance

Question 2

Hemophilia

Answer 2

Clotting absent

Question 3

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 3

-# of platelets reduced; chronic bleeding

Question 4

Leukemia

Answer 4

-Cancer of bone marrow; abnormal production of 1 or more WBC tupes

Question 5

Septicemia

Answer 5

-Blood poisoning; spread of microorganisms and toxins by blood

Question 6

Malaria

Answer 6

-Caused by a protozoan (plasmodium) by a mosquito

Question 7

Infectious mononucleosis

Answer 7

-Virus that infects lymphocytes (B cells)

Question 8

Hepatitis

Answer 8

Infection of the liver by virus

Question 9

HIV

Answer 9

Virus that attacks helper T cells

Question 10

AIDs

Answer 10

Helper T cells below 200

Question 11

What is a hematocrit

Answer 11

Hemoglobin measurement-> hemotocrit of blood (RBA and WBC) in a given sample

Question 12

What are formed elements

Answer 12

• RBCs (Erythrocytes)
• WBC (leukocytes)
• Platelets (thrombocytes)

Question 13

What is the difference between RBC and WBC

Answer 13

• White blood cells are white and prevent infection

- RBCs are read and more abundant and carries oxygen and waste

Question 14

What are platelets

Answer 14

Thrombocytes. Function is coagulation, blood clotting, does hemostasis

Question 15

What is the process of coagulation

Answer 15

1. Prothrombin (protein) is converted into thrombin (enzyme) by thromboplastin released in platelets
2. Soluble fibrinogen (protein) is converted into strands of insoluble fibrin my thrombin
3. Fibrin makes a mesh fibers that trap RBCs and platelets to caused the clot

Question 16

What is agglutination

Answer 16

When antibodies bond to red blood cells and attacks them. Not normal

Question 17

What are the 3 parts of hemostasis

Answer 17

1. Platelets will stick to damaged lining of the vessels to form a platelet plug
2. Proteins released to attract more platelets
3. Substances released to cause vasoconstiction

Question 18

What is the ABO system

Answer 18

-The antigens on the red blood cells determine the blood type and what kinds of antibodies you have
(AB+ has all antigens and no antibodies)

Question 19

What is the rh factor

Answer 19

Rh+ has the antigens present on the surface of RBCs, negative doesn’t have the antigens

Question 20

Whats the difference between the different types of blood cells

Answer 20

Erythrocytes- RBCs, bionconcave, no nucleus, live up to 120 days
Leukocytes- WBCs, outnumbered by RBCs 700:1. White blood cells prevent infection

Question 21

How are blood cells produced

Answer 21

All formed elements are derived from a single population. They start from stem cells and then differentiate into different type of cells

Question 22

What are the major components of blood plasm and what is its function

Answer 22

• 90% water

- 10%other-> 6-8% proteins- used in blood clotting and antibody dispersal