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Physical Diagnosis > ExtEyeAtrochim > Flashcards

ExtEyeAtrochim Flashcards

1
Q

how would you test for visual acuity at a distance

A

using snellen or sloan charts

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2
Q

how far away would a patient stand from the snellen and sloan charts

A

snellen (20ft), sloan (10ft)

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3
Q

using the snellen and sloan charts tests the function of what structures

A
  • anterior segment of eye
  • central vision
  • optic nerve
  • visual centers in the brain
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4
Q

O.D.

A

oculus dextra (right eye)

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5
Q

O.S.

A

oculus sinistra (left eye)

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6
Q

O.U.

A

oculus uterque (both eyes)

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7
Q

good far sight but bad near sight

A

hyperopia

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8
Q

good near sight bu bad far sight

A

myopia

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9
Q

term for when the lens loses elasticity and causes diminished near sight but continued far sight, due to age

A

presbyopia

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10
Q

what is the test called to test peripheral vision

A

conformation

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11
Q

how is the extraocular muscle strength and innervation tested

A

6 cardinal fields of gaze

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12
Q

which nerves are being tested for while performing the 6 cardinal fields of gaze

A

CNs III, IV & VI

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13
Q

SO4-LR6-3

A
  • CN IV innervates the superior oblique
  • CN VI innervates the lateral rectus
  • CN III innervates the other four
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14
Q

how do you test for symmetrical alignment of the eye/binocular fixation

A
  • corneal light reflex

- cover up test

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15
Q

abnormal elevation of the upper eye lid

A

lid lag (retraction)

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16
Q

a congenital or acquired weakness of the levator muscle or paresis of a branch of the third cranial nerve causes the upper lid to droop compared to the opposite eye

A

lid sag (ptosis)

17
Q

is inflammation of the eyelash follicles & Meibomian glands resulting in red, swollen, crusty lid margins

A

blephaitis

18
Q

a bacterial infection of a gland in an eyelash follicle

A

stye

19
Q

a hard, painless papule on the eyelid due to an obstruction of a meibowmian (oil) gland

A

chalazion

20
Q

the loss of orbicularis oculi muscle tone with aging causing the lower lid to turn outward interfering with proper tear drainage

A

ectropion

21
Q

ectropian can result from what other condition

A

CN 7 palsy

22
Q

inversion of the lower lid due to scar tissue formation on the inner surface of the lid

A

entropian

23
Q

inflammation of the tear sac secondary to chronic obstruction or narrowing of the of the nasolacrimal duct

A

dacryocystitis

24
Q

blood vessels dilate from the periphery towards the center

A

conjunctivitis

25
Q

Yellow elastic fibers form a plaque on either side of the cornea resulting from chronic irritation

A

pinguecula

26
Q

Sunny, dusty, windy conditions may stimulate growth of the pinguecula forming a vascular membrane that may extend over the cornea. what is this called

A

pteryguim

27
Q

microtraumas like coughing, sneezing or straining may cause a conjunctiva vessel to break trapping blood between the clear mucous membrane & the sclera

A

subconjunctival hemorrhage

28
Q

reasons someone might have yellow sclera

A
  • fatty deposits
  • jaundice
  • antimalarial drugs
29
Q

blue sclera

A

osteogenesis imperfecta

30
Q

brown sclera

A

melanin in people with dark complexion

31
Q

A grayish band along part of the edge of the limbus initially, eventually encircling the entire cornea

A

corneal ring

32
Q

a golden-brown band around the limbus of the cornea associated with Wilson’s disease

A

Kayser-Fleischer ring

33
Q

PERRLA

A

Pupils should be Equal, Round, and Reactive to Light and Accommodation

34
Q

inequality of pupil size

A

anisocoria

35
Q

A fixed, dilated pupil with poor response to the pupillary reflexes

A

adie’s tonic pupil

36
Q

Failure of the iris to close during fetal development resulting in a keyhole-shaped pupil

A

coloboma

37
Q

An irregular shaped pupil due to an adhesion of part of the iris to the cornea in front of it or the lens behind it

A

synechia

38
Q

decreased or absent response to the light reflexes yet the pupils respond to accommodation

A

argyll robertson pupil

39
Q

miosis, ptosis, and anhydrosis

A

horner’s syndrome

Physical Diagnosis (8 decks)

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