External Eye

Question 1

Baseline functional test; primarily a test of visual acuity at a distance (20 or 10 respectively)

Answer 1

Snellen or Sloan eye charts

Question 2

Snellen or Sloan eye charts are indirectly a screening test of what

Answer 2

the anterior segments of the eye, central vision, optic nerve and visual centers in the brain

Question 3

The eyes are tested individually then together with correction if they require it, right (oculus ___- OD), left (oculus ___- OS) and both (oculus ___- OU).

Answer 3

dextra, sinistra, uterque

Question 4

The eyes are tested individually then together with correction if they require it, right (oculus ___- OD), left (oculus ___- OS) and both (oculus ___- OU).

Answer 4

dextra, sinistra, uterque

Question 5

Along side of the smallest line the pt can read correctly is a fraction indicating their distant vision ability; the numerator identifies the ___ and the denominator indicates ___ (___ is considered normal)

Answer 5

distance from the chart, how far away from the chart a normal eye could read that line, 20/20

Question 6

the eye has far sight but poor near sight

Answer 6

Hyperopia

Question 7

the eye has near sight but poor far sight

Answer 7

Myopia

Question 8

With age (>40 y/o) the lens loses its elasticity & causes diminished near sight but continued far sight.

Answer 8

Presbyopia

Question 9

Common complaint in people >50 y/o & some young people. Pts describe them as moving cobwebs, spots, smudges etc.

Answer 9

Vitreous Floaters

Question 10

T/F: If a new bunch of floaters or flashes of light appear there’s no need for alarm

Answer 10

F: it’s wise to see an ophthalmologist or optometrist immediately; they have the equipment to differentiate benign from pathologic

Question 11

Near vision can be tested one eye at a time then both together using what?

Answer 11

Rosenbaum chart

Question 12

What type of vision can be roughly assessed by moving wiggling fingers slowly into the field of vision from the top, bottom and both sides of each eye.

Answer 12

peripheral vision

Question 13

A pt focusing straight ahead should be able to see wiggling fingers once they pass the surrounding anatomy of the eye at what landmarks?

Answer 13

eyebrow, cheek, nose & lateral face

Question 14

Abnormalities of the anterior segments of the eye which may cause visual field deficits:

Answer 14

scratching, scaring or edema of the cornea, cataracts on the lens; pus or blood in the aqueous or vitreous fluids

Question 15

Visual field deficits occur with what conditions?

Answer 15

abnormalities of the anterior segments of the eye, chronic glaucoma, retinal detachments and neural lesions

Question 16

What can be clinically assessed by having the pt follow your finger through the cardinal planes of gaze with their eyes only?

Answer 16

Extraocular muscle strength and CNs III, IV and VI

Question 17

If ocular muscles & nerves are functioning the patient’s eyes should be able to track what patterns during the cardinal planes of gaze?

Answer 17

giant asterisk or capital “H” drawn in the air