External coaptation/Bandages+Drains Flashcards
Which of the following is true regarding slings and hobbles?
A A Velpeau sling hyperflexes the carpus and extends over the shoulder region
B Ehmer slings aim to prevent adduction of the thigh
C A 90-90 bandage is most often used in distal femoral fracture repairs
D Limb sleeves are more convenient than other methods
E All of the above
all above
Which of the following is false?
• Dogs can spend several months with hobbles
• A Spica splint may be used after repair of a rupture medial glenohumeral ligament
• Limb suspension is rarely used in small animals
• Ehmer slings may lead to other complications such as tibial nerve injury or skin complications
B (velpeau sling)
How long does it take for joint contracture to occur while an animal is in a Velpeau sling 5 days 7 days 10 days 14 days
14
Which of the following is false regarding elbow hygromas
• Most common in large and giant breed dogs older than 2 years of age
• The hygroma most often contains a serous fluid
• The most effective treatment is neoprene sleeves providing padding and protection
• Injections of corticosteroids is contraindicated
A should be younger than 2 years of age
Which is false?
A the modified Robert Jones bandage is good if severe inflammation is expected.
B The modified Robert Jones bandage is not appropriate for temporary support of fractures or dislocations
C The padding is applied to a thickness of 1/2 to 2 cm
D A reinforced Robert Jones bandage incorporates a rigid material into the modified Robert Jones bandage to enhance immobilization and support of the limb and joints.
B. most common use = temp stabilization and compression of limb fractures
Which is false?
A The thomas-schroeder splint can counteract muscle forces and immobilize joints and certain fractures.
B The T-S splint can stabilize the shoulder
C The stockinet should exceed the cast both proximally and distally by 1 to 2 inches.
D Tension in a bandage is described by Laplace’s law
B provide traction on humerus, radius and ulna, femur or tibia
Which of the following is true?
a. Non-rigid orthotics are made of neoprene and have a removable strut.
b. Semi-rigid orthotics offer the advantage of immobilizing the affected body part
c. Rigid devices are made of high temperature thermoplastics and are used for injury prophylaxis and injuries such as sprains
d. Rigid orthotics are used for severe injuries
D true
A – semi-rigid
B F
C False – Not for injury prophylaxis and injuries such as sprains – non-rigid
What are the 3 types of joint injuries?
Sprains, luxations, fractures.
Which is false?
a. Sprains are the most common injury in performance dogs and sprains to the tarsal joint are the most likely to go undiagnosed
b. Grade 2 sprain is described as a partial tear in the ligament with significant loss in strength
c. Grade 3 sprain is a complete disruption of the ligament and results in joint instability
d. Grade 1 sprain is when the ligament is overstretched and can be supported with a non-rigid orthotic
A False – Carpal joint
What is a method of treating contracture? A) Static progressive bracing B) Serial bracing C) Laser therapy D) Static casting
A
How long are static progressive braces generally used?
A) Worn for 3-7 days and then additional angulation is induced and worn for another 3-7 days
B) Worn for 1 day followed by 1 day off
C) Worn for 1 week followed by 1 week off
D) Worn for 30 minutes two to three times per day
D
Which of the following is true regarding surgical considerations and prothstesis?
A Stumps should have minimal soft tissue coverage as to decrease the amount of tissue shear forces can act on
B The incision should be placed in the area of least tension, irregardless of where on the limb it is
C Soft tissue management has a significant impact on the successful outcome of a prosthesis
D Nerve ending positioning has not been shown to have an effect on post-operative complications
C true
A F
B(false, should not be placed along the stump)
D (false, should be positioned away from areas of pressure, due to potential for neuroma)
What is the name of the law that states pressure applied at each point under a bandage is proportional to (NxT)/(RxW)
Laplace's law N = # layers T = bandage tension R = radius of curve W = width of bandage material pressure gradient naturally decreases as you get proximal (wider R)
True of false: red rubber and latex are inert for drain materials.
False: RR and latec cause the most inflammatory response.
Polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, silastic are fairly inert
What is the name of the law for laminar flow; F = dPπr^4/(8nL) where F = flow
What does increase drain diameter do to flow?
Poiseuille’s law
dP = pressure difference between 2 ends of drain
r = radius of tube
n = viscosity of fluid
L = drain length
aka doubling the drain diameter increases flow 16 fold.
