export_sst viruses ii

Question 1

Symptoms of smallpox

Answer 1

Abrupt high fever
Malaise, headache, muscle pain, nausea

Enanthem (mouth lesions) and exanthem (skin lesions)

Common to see lesions on palms and soles of feet

Question 2

Smallpox causative agent

Answer 2

Variola virus

Question 3

Variola virus family and features

Answer 3

Poxviridae family
Large, dsDNA genome

Replicates in cytoplasm

Strictly a human virus

Question 4

Treat and prevent smallpox

Answer 4

Live strain of vaccinia virus

Results in cross-protection

Question 5

Eczema vaccinatum

Answer 5

Widespread lesions in response to smallpox vaccine

Severe complication

Question 6

Smallpox vs. chickenpox

Answer 6

Smallpox - centrifugal, palms and soles of feet, synchronous evolution of lesions
Chickenpox - centripetal, assynchronous evolution of lesions

Question 7

Measles symptoms

Answer 7

High fever
Cough, Coryza, Conjunctivitis, Koplik’s spots (prodrome)

Maculopapular rash

Anorexia, diarrhea, lymphadenopathy

Question 8

Measles virus family and features

Answer 8

Paramyxovirus
ssRNA

Enveloped

One Ag type

Question 9

F gene

Answer 9

Important for measles virus fusion

Question 10

HA protein

Answer 10

Important for measles virus attachment

Question 11

Diagnose measles

Answer 11

Koplik’s spots opposite of molars

Confirm with laboratory findings

Question 12

Measles vaccine

Answer 12

Live attenuated
Prepared in chick embryo fibroblasts

Combined with mumps and rubella (MMR)

1st dose 12-15 months, 2nd dose 4-6 years

Question 13

German measles presentation

Answer 13

Maculopapular rash on face then progressing downward

Fainter than measles, does not coalesce

Question 14

German measles symptoms

Answer 14

Prodrome of low grade fever, lymphadenopathy, and URT symptoms

Question 15

German measles causative agent

Answer 15

Rubella virus

Question 16

How is congenital rubella syndrome most often contracted?

Answer 16

85% of infants born to mothers experiencing a rubella infection during first trimester of pregnancy

Question 17

Congenital rubella syndrome symptoms

Answer 17

Deafness (the big one)

Cataracts, congenital glaucoma, congenital heart disease, purpura, jaundice

Question 18

Rubella virus family and features

Answer 18

Togaviridae
Enveloped

+ssRNA

Question 19

Rubella virus vaccine

Answer 19

Live attenuated vaccine

Combined with mumps and measles (MMR)

Question 20

Fifth disease

Answer 20

Erythema infectiosum

Fever, rash beginning on cheeks

Question 21

Fifth disease causative agent

Answer 21

B19 parvovirus

Question 22

Parvovirus family and features

Answer 22

Parvoviridae
ssDNA

Only replicates in mitotically active cells - uses host replication machinery

Question 23

Aplastic crisis

Answer 23

Caused by B19 parvovirus replication in RBCs of people with chronic anemia

Question 24

B19 parvovirus complications in pregnancy

Answer 24

Increased risk for fetal death

Results in anemia, CHF, and hydrops fetalis

Question 25

Roseola infantum

Answer 25

High fever

Maculopapular rash following fever resolution

Question 26

Roseola causative agent

Answer 26

Human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) OR HHV-7

Question 27

HHV-6 family and features

Answer 27

Herpesviridae
dsDNA

Enveloped

Replicates in T-cells, B-cells, and oral pharynx

Question 28

HHV-7 family and features

Answer 28

Herpesviridae
dsDNA

Enveloped

Specifically in CD4+ T cells

Infection occurs later than HHV-6