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Micro exam 8 > export_sst viruses i > Flashcards

export_sst viruses i Flashcards

1
Q

What causes non-infectious skin lesions in viral infections?

A

Immune response

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2
Q

What causes infectious skin lesions in viral infections?

A

Viral replication

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3
Q

Papilloma

A

Benign growth on the surface of the skin or mucous membrane

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4
Q

Macule

A

Small discolored patch of skin that forms an area distinct from the normal surrounding surface

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5
Q

Papule

A

Small, circumscribed, raised portion of the skin

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6
Q

Vesicle

A

Small pouch on the surface of the skin filled with clear liquid

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7
Q

Pustule

A

Small, circumscribed, raised portion of the skin filled with purulent material

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8
Q

Warts general features

A

Hyperkeratotic
Usually painless

Koilocytes may be found

Lump/nodule/papilloma

Caused by HPV

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9
Q

Verruca valgaris

A

Cutaneous warts
Common, can be in groups

Most commonly on hands, elbows, and knees

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10
Q

Verruca plantaris

A

Flat, flushed cutaneous warts

Found on the feet

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11
Q

Verruca plana

A

Less common cutaneous wart
Flat

Most common in children, on the face, on the chest

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12
Q

HPV virus family features

A

Papovaviridae
Non-enveloped

dsDNA

Replication associated with differentiation status of tissue

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13
Q

HPV virulence factors

A

HPV E7

HPV E6

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14
Q

HPV E7

A

Inhibits Rb

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15
Q

HPV E6

A

Inhibits p53

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16
Q

HPV serotypes that cause common cutaneous warts

A

HPV 2
HPV 3

HPV 10

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17
Q

HPV serotypes that cause plantar warts

A

HPV 1

HPV 4

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18
Q

Diagnose warts

A

Clinical appearance

Hyperkeratosis and Koilodal cells

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19
Q

Wart removal

A

Cryotherapy
Cytotoxic chemicals

Surgical removal

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20
Q

Molluscum contagiosum presentation

A

Painless, p early, u mbilicated n odules

21
Q

Molluscum contagiosum virus family features

A

Poxviridae family
dsDNA genome

Replicates in cytoplasm

22
Q

Molluscum contagiosum transmission and treatment

A 
Direct contact (sexual activity) or fomite transmission
Often resolves on its own, but removal also through surgery and cryotherapy
23
Q

Herpes labialis presentation

A

Cold sores, on mouth

24
Q

Herpes labialis causative agent

A

HSV

25
Q

HSV primary infection

A

Can be asymptomatic
Can be a normal cold sore

Can have widespread lesions inside (primary herpetic gingivostomatitis) and around mouth

26
Q

Herpes simplex keratitis

A

Leading cause of blindness in the U.S.
Initially causes conjunctivitis

Recurrent disease leads to corneal opacity

27
Q

Herpes simplex encephalitis

A

Most common cause of infectious encephalitis in the U.S.
High mortality rate

Survivors often have neurologic dysfunction

28
Q

Herpetic whitlow

A

HSV lesion on fingers (also toes)

29
Q

HSV virus family and features

A

Herpesviridae
Enveloped

dsDNA

Latent and lytic phases of life cycle

30
Q

What form is the HSV virus in when it is causing a cold sore?

A

Lytic phase

31
Q

Where is the HSV found in the latent phase?

A

Neurons

32
Q

Which serotype of HSV is more commonly associated with oral lesions?

A

HSV-1

33
Q

Treatment for HSV

A

Acyclovir

34
Q

Acyclovir mechanism of action

A

Inhibits viral DNA polymerase

35
Q

Chickenpox causative agent

A

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)

36
Q

Chicken pox lesion evolution

A

Vesicles
Pustules

Scabs

37
Q

Where are chicken pox lesions usually not found?

A

Soles of feet

Palms of hands

38
Q

Neonatal chicken pox

A

Pregnant mother infected within first 20 weeks - low birth weight, skin scarring
Infection late/right after birth results in disseminated infections, much more serious

39
Q

Zoster/Shingles features

A

Elderly/immunosupproessed
Paresthesia prodrome

Vesicular lesions are unilateral

Fever and malaise

Postherpetic neuralgia

40
Q

Postherpetic neuralgia

A

Pain at site of lesions for months after lesion resolution

41
Q

Zoster/Shingles cause

A

VZV reactivation

42
Q

What is the pattern of zoster/shingles in the affected individual?

A

Follows one dermatome

43
Q

VZV virus family and features

A

Herpesviridae
Enveloped

dsDNA

Latent infection

44
Q

Diagnose VZV

A

Based on clinical presentation of lesions

Tzanck smear

45
Q

Prevent VZV

A

Varicella vaccine

Zoster vaccine

46
Q

Varicella vaccine features

A

Live attenuated
Combined with MMR

One dose at 12-15 months, second at 4-6 years

Used to prevent primary infection

47
Q

Zoster vaccine features

A

Same live attenuated strain as varicella vaccine (higher titer)
Used to protect from VZV reactivation

48
Q

Treat VZV

A 
Antiherpetic drugs (acyclovir) in severe cases
VZV is not as sensitive to these drugs as HSV

Micro exam 8 (10 decks)

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