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Imported Study Blue JVD > export_jvd2014314use of composite restoration materials COPY > Flashcards

export_jvd2014314use of composite restoration materials COPY Flashcards

1
Q

Foundations: Use of Composite Restoration Materials, Ellen D. Domnick

A

JVD 2014 Winter 31(4) p280-288

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2
Q

Goals of restoration

A
  1. pain-free, functional esthetic tooth
  2. withstand normal occlusal forces
  3. retain natural tooth structure as much as possible
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3
Q

Preparation of the tooth to be restored

A

scaled supra and subgingivally, polished with non fluoride paste so as to not interfere with chemical bonding

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4
Q

Preparation of tooth according to Black

A
  • resistance
  • retention
  • convenience
  • pathology removal
  • wall and preparation cleansing forms
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5
Q

Beveling tooth’s cavosurface margins is recommended in what class of cavity? why?

A

in class III - VI, greater retention strength due to greater enamel surface area and improves esthetics.

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6
Q

Cavity classification: Class I

A

Class I: pit and fissure caries

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7
Q

What is a Class II cavity?

A

Class II lesions are the extension of the Class I lesion into the proximal surfaces of premolars and molars

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8
Q

Class III Cavity

A

cavities in proximal surfaces of cuspids and incisors that do not involve the incisal edge

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9
Q

What is the proximal surface of a tooth?

A

Surface of tooth facing towards adjoining teeth in the same dental arch (mesial, distal)

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10
Q

Class IV Cavity

A

Interproximal surface to include incisal edge

-mesial/distal of anterior teeth

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11
Q

cavity classification class V

A

cavities of the gingival third of the labial, buccal, or lingual surfaces of the teeth.

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12
Q

Beveling of occlusal cavosurfaces in class I and II preparations is contraindicated because..

A

enlarges the surface area of the restorative in occlusion

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13
Q

What tool can be used to smooth and remove all unsupported enamel rods or undercuts secondary to pathology?

A

hand curette, or excavator

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14
Q

What type of bur can be used to remove rough edges

A

a round taper fine diamond bur, conical arkansas white stone bur followed by sanding discs to further smooth fractured dentin and enamel

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15
Q

What type of acid etch is recommended and at what concentration for dentin and enamel?

A

phosphoric acid is most common,

10 - 38% in dentin, 35 - 38 % in enamel

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16
Q

purpose of the acid etchant

A
  • removes smear layer
  • opens micropores in enamel and dentin to allow resin to penetrate
  • dentin demineralized
  • roughens surface of enamel
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17
Q

How long should enamel be etched?

dentin?

A

20 sec enamel

10 - 15 sec dentin

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18
Q

How long is the etch rinsed?

A

15 to 20 sec rinse to fully remove the etchant

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19
Q

What happens when there is prolonged drying?

A

flattens the collagen fibers, decreasing bond strength

20
Q

Bonding agents

A

-liquid
-unfilled or lightly filled resins of a primer and adhesive
-Newer bonding agents combine the primer and adhesive
improve retention of restorative, prevent leakage, decrease discoloration and pulp sensitivity

21
Q

How long will the bonding agent provide protection?

A

3 to 12 months, allowing time for the tooth to repair itself

22
Q

How deep does bonding agent penetrate

A

200 - 400 microns

23
Q

All teeth that have been sealed should be radiographed ___ to___ months post procedure

A

6 - 12 months, to be sure the tooth has not become infected or non vital.

24
Q

Enamel and dentin composition

A

Enamel- 96% mineral, 4% water and organic

Dentin- 70% mineral, 30% water and organic

Cementum even softer

25
Q

Was dentin etched in 1st and 2nd gen bonding agents?

A

no etch, bonding was with smear layer, had poor bond strength and easily hydrolyzed and cracked

26
Q

third generation bonding agents

A
  • oxalate bonding agent
  • separate primer and adhesive
  • used etchant to remove or modify smear layer
  • time consuming and unpredictible
27
Q

fourth generation bonding agents

A
  • remove smear layer completely
  • better bond strength
  • create beneficial hybrid layer from polymerized methacrylate and dentin
  • resin monomers penetrate demineralized dentin and polymerize
  • TWO BOTTLES (PRIMER AND ADHESIVE)
  • TOTAL ETCH TECHNIQUE
28
Q

Etch “Total Etch technique”

A

3 step method– etch is a separate step and acts as a conditioner and cleanser, 37% phosphoric acid, purpose: alters or removes the smear layer

29
Q

FIFTH generation bonding agent***

A

one bottle bonding system

  • combines primer and adhesive, after using total etch
  • micromechanical interlock with etched dentin with resin tags, adhesive lateral branches, formation of hybrid layer, high bond strength to enamel and dentin
30
Q

development of bonding agents: 6th Generation type 1

A

mid to late 90s
no phosphoric acid

self-etching primer and adhesive

applied separately
less reliable results
eliminate collagen collapse

31
Q

development of bonding agents: 6th Generation type 2

A
  • mid to late 90s
  • acidic primer and adhesive are mixed before application
  • less reliable
  • acid etch and rinse not required
32
Q

development of bonding agents: 7th Generation

A

early 2000s
phosphoric acid only for ground enamel

self etching primers and primer adhesives
some release fluoride
similar bond and seal to 6th generation
“All-in-one”solutions

33
Q

What are the two phases of composite resins?

A
  1. polymerizable resin base

2. filler particles

34
Q

How are composite polymerized?

A
  • light cure
  • chemical cure
  • dual cure
35
Q

light cure wavelength

A

460 to 480 nm

36
Q

How deep should the composite layer be applied?

A

< 2 mm deep and in layers to allow proper light cure and polymerization

37
Q

Flowable composite resin

A
  • better handling
  • less fillers
  • more controlled setting and working times
  • good for grooves and smaller preps
38
Q

Filler size and content affect the characteristics of the composite, what are the 4 types

A
  • macrofill
  • microfill
  • intermediate fill
  • hybrids
39
Q

Which has the best durability and strength

A

macro and intermediate fill composite resins

40
Q

what are disadvantages of macrofill

A

grainy, least esthetic, do not polish well

41
Q

What are good and bad quality of microfills

A

polish well, best esthetics, but least resistent to fractures

42
Q

hybrid composites

A

includes more then one type of filler particle, usually glass & silica; combine micro and intermediate sized filler particles

less polymerization and good flexural strength

stronger & less likely to fracture in high-stress areas

43
Q

thickness enamel cats and dogs

A

cats 0.1-0.3 mm
dogs 0.1-1.0.mm

Crossley JVD 1995

44
Q

Current theory of nerve stimulation in the tooth is due to ____

A

fluid dynamics

45
Q

Can a tooth repair itself and how long does it take?

A

Yes, but it takes 8 weeks to begin

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