experimental method Flashcards
What is an experimental method?
Using an independent variable to measure its effect on a dependent variable.
What is the aim of a study?
The general statement of what the researcher might want to study.
Define a hypothesis.
A clear statement of the relationship between the independent and dependent variable.
What is a directional hypothesis?
A hypothesis that states the direction of the relationship or difference between variables.
What is a non-directional hypothesis?
A hypothesis that does not state the direction of the difference or relationship between variables.
What are variables in an investigation?
Anything that can be varied within an investigation to see if it changes the result.
What is an independent variable?
An aspect of the situation manipulated by the researcher to see its effect on the dependent variable.
What is a dependent variable?
The variable that is measured by the researcher, affected by the independent variable.
What is operationalisation?
The process of clearly defining variables in terms of how they can be measured.
When is a directional hypothesis used?
When prior theory or findings suggest a certain outcome.
When should a non-directional hypothesis be chosen?
When there is no prior theory or research from earlier studies or if prior research is contradictory/inconsistent.
What are the two conditions used to test the effect of the independent variable?
- Control condition
- Experimental condition
Why is operationalisation important in research?
To ensure clear understanding of the behavior being studied and avoid misunderstandings or bias.
