Experimental designs

Question 1

What is repeated measures?

Answer 1

1) Recruit a group of participants
2) Split them into two different conditions
3) Condition 1: the group does the experimental task with the IV set for condition 1
Condition 2: the group same repeats the experimental task with the IV set for condition 2
3) Compare the results for the two conditions

Question 2

Name one weakness of repeated measures? (1)

Answer 2

one condition might be easier than the others

Question 3

Name one weakness of repeated measures? (2)

Answer 3

participants might guess the nature of the participants before the second condition (DEMAND CHARACTERISTICS)

Question 4

Name one weakness of repeated measures? (3)

Answer 4

The order of conditions may affect performance (ORDER EFFECTS)

Question 5

What is they way to get over one condition be easier than the other ?

Answer 5

make tests equivalent

Question 6

What is the way to get over demand characteristics for repeated measures? (2)

Answer 6

Use a cover story to deceive participants

Question 7

What is the way to go over order effects for repeated measures ? (3)

Answer 7

use counterbalancing

Question 8

what is the way to deal with order effects in repeated measures?

Answer 8

counter-balancing

Question 9

how to counterbalance?

Answer 9

1) Ensure each condition is tested first and second in equal amounts.
2) All ppts split into 2 different groups, one group does completes condition in order of AB the other group complete in BA and ppts scores will be looked at overall.

Question 10

what is independent measure?

Answer 10

1) Recruit a group of participants
2) Divide them into two
3) One group does the experimental task with the IV set for condition 1
The other group does the experimental task with the IV set for condition 2
3) Measure the DV variable for each group
4) Compare the results for the two group

Question 11

Name one weakness of independent measures?(1)

Answer 11

no control of ppt variable i.e different abilities or characteristics

Question 12

Name one weakness of independent measures?(2)

Answer 12

individual differences not taken into account

Question 13

Name one weakness of independent measure?

Answer 13

will need twice as many participants

Question 14

what is the way of dealing with ppts having different abilities or characteristics?

Answer 14

randomly allocate ppts to conditions to distribute ppts evenly

Question 15

what is the way of dealing with ppts individual differences?

Answer 15

use independent measures

Question 16

how to deal with having twice as many ppts?

Answer 16

have a larger budget

Question 17

What is matched pairs/participants?

Answer 17

1) recruit a group of people
2) find out what sorts of people you have in the group
3) then recruit another group that matches them for one for one
4) treat the experiment as independent measures

Question 18

what is one weakness of matched pairs?(1)

Answer 18

very time consuming to match all the ppts on the key variables

Question 19

what is one weakness of matched pairs? (2)

Answer 19

need a large number of ppts to get matches

Question 20

what is one weakness of matched pairs?(3)

Answer 20

may not control ALL PPTS variables

Question 21

ways to deal with the matched pairs being very time consuming?

Answer 21

restrict matching variables (this will reduce the work load)

Question 22

what is the benefits of randomisation of stimuli?

Answer 22

Improves validity and eliminates investigator effects bias as one set of stimuli might be harder or easier than another and this takes away control from the investigator

Question 23

How to do the raffle method 1 for randomisation of stimuli?

Answer 23

1) all 30 words in a container
2) Draw out a word for list A then one for list B then back to one for list A
3) Stop when there are 15 words in each list

Question 24

How to do raffle method 2 for randomisation of stimuli?

Answer 24

1) All 3o words into a container
2)Draw out 15 words for list A
3) Draw out the remaining 15 for list B

Question 25

How to do the computer method for randomisation of stimuli?

Answer 25

1) all 30 words numbered
2) Set parameters for randomisation to produce 2 sets of 15 words
3)convert the numbers back into words to create 2 lists

Question 26

what needs to be standardized ?

Answer 26

the stimuli

Question 27

why do we standardize the stimuli?

Answer 27

so that it is thr same for all condtiions

Question 28

if listening to a stimuli, it must be ….

Answer 28

same volume,same speed, use of headphones in each condition.

Question 29

why do we use standardization?

Answer 29

to avoid some extraneous variables