Assessing/Improving Validty Flashcards
what is validity?
the extent to which we are measuring what we intend to measure
what are the 4 ways in which we can assess validity?
face validity, concurrent validity, predictive validity and temporal validity.
what is face validity?
whether or not the test looks like it is measuring what it claims to measure. E.g does an IQ test actually measure intelligence?
what is concurrent validity?
comparing the results of a new rest with that of an existing test known to have good validity
what is predictive validity?
this is the ability to predict performance on future test
what is temporal validity?
do research findings remain true over time/stand the test of time
what is internal validity
the degree of confidence a researcher has that the observed changes in a study’s dependent variable are directly caused by the manipulated independent variable, and not by other extraneous factors or confounding variables
what is external validity?
the degree to which the results of a study can be applied to other situations, people, or groups (generalisibilty)
what are the three threats to internal validity? (confounding variables)
- demand characteristics
- experimenter/researcher/
observer bias - design used
how do we improve internal validity? (getting rid of demand characteristics)
by using the single blind technique, the ppts do not know the hypothesis of the research or what condition they are in
how do we improve internal validity? (getting rid of investigator effects)
by using the double blind technique, a procedure in an experiment where neither the ppts not the experimenter know the hypothesis or the condition the ppts are in, therefore someone else carrying out the data collection on behalf of the experimenter
what three things tell us thata results have external validity?
- population validity
- ecological validity
- mundane realism
