Experimental and Research Designs Flashcards
What are the three types of experimental designs?
- repeated measures
- matched participants
- independent groups
What are repeated measures design?
when the same group of participants is used for both the control and experimental groups
What are the advantages of the repeated measures design?
= IV is the only extraneous variable
= fewer participants
What are the disadvantages of the repeated measures design?
time consuming
= people are likely to drop out
What is the matched participants design?
participants are put in pairs based on similarities and randomly split between the c group and e group
What is the advantages of the matched participants?
done all at once
= not likely to drop out
= no order effects
What are the disadvantages of the matched participants?
time consuming and expensive
= if someone drops out = pair has to drop out
What is the independent groups design?
participants are randomly assigned to the e group or c group
What are the advantages of the independent groups design?
= quick and cheap
= can be done at once
What are the disadvantages of the independent groups design?
need a large number of participants
= participant differences
What are order effects?
means the results are affected because the participants completed the same conditions in the same order
How can you overcome order effects?
counterbalancing
What is counterbalancing?
making the groups experience the same conditions but in a different order to the other
What are the types of research designs?
- cross-sectional studies
- longitudinal studies
- sequential studies
What are cross-sectional studies?
participants of different ages or cohorts are investigated at the same time and results are compared
