Expansion in Africa - Economy/Trade Flashcards

1
Q

Egypt

A
  • Egyptian cotton sought when US Civil War began in 1861
  • By 1870, 40% of Egypt’s imports coming from Britain; market
  • Britain owned shares in Suez Canal to protect this economic asset
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2
Q

West Africa (Goldie)

A

Goldie exported palm oil, palm kernels, coffee and cocoa via Central African Trading Company

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3
Q

West Africa (Nigeria)

A
  • Royal Niger Company chartered 1886 to trade and govern
  • 1899 alone 1.35m gallons of gin exported to Nigeria to trade for palm oil which went into everything from soap to chocolate; market and exploitation for natural resources
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4
Q

East Africa (Mackinnon and Grey)

A
  • Mackinnon and Grey saw economic potential of previously unexploited natural resources
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5
Q

East Africa (charter)

A
  • Once British got charter 1888, white settlers went and exploited material resources e.g. sugar, tea, wheat, coffee plantations
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6
Q

East Africa (railway)

A
  • Lunatic Line built 1896-1901 after Uganda Railway Act 1896
  • Mombasa on coast to Lake Victoria
  • Bring British goods into interior of EA and raw materials to coast
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7
Q

Southern Africa (Rhodes)

A
  • Rhodes expanded beyond Cape Colony (into Bechuanaland) in search of mineral wealth
  • Had a manopoly in Kimberly diamond mines after 1891
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8
Q

Southern Africa (gold and diamonds)

A
  • 1871: discovery of diamonds in Griqualand West
  • 1884: discovery of gold at Witwatersrand
  • 1886: discovery of gold in Transvaal increased British interest in occupying Transvaal (i.e. 2nd Boer War)
  • Once producing, Rand’s mine producing 1/4 of the world’s gold supply; 2/3 of mines’ stock held by British nationals
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9
Q

Southern Africa (Transvaal)

A

By 1896, Transvaal richest government in Africa

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10
Q

What did Leeds Mercury predict?

A

February 1885 predicted Africa would be a ‘vast market’

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11
Q

How much did the British spend on the 2nd Boer War?

A

£200m

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12
Q

How much did the Lunatic Line cost to build?

A

£534m

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13
Q

How much did Bechuanaland cost to administrate?

A

£500k

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