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Clever Orca VTNE Prep > Exotics and Lab Animals > Flashcards

Exotics and Lab Animals Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

What is the most common site for giving snakes IM injections?
Biceps and triceps
Quadriceps
Epaxial
Abdominal obliques

A

Epaxial

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3
Q

The most common place to administer an IM injection in an avian patient is the
Quadriceps
Semimembranosus
Pectorals
Triceps

A

Pectorals

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4
Q

Most disease conditions in reptiles that are in captivity are due to
Bacteria
Virus
Fungi
Husbandry problems

A

Husbandry problems

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5
Q

Regarding house reptiles, what does the term POTZ refer to?
Preferred Optimal Tank
Plastic Outdoor Tank
Preferred Outdoor Temperature Zone
Preferred Optimal Temperature Zone

A

Preferred Optimal Temperature Zone

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6
Q

What is the correct term for a newborn mouse?
Squabs
Calves
Pups
Foals

A

Pups

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7
Q

Low humidity can cause which of the following conditions in rats?
Ringtail
CRD
Mycoplasma pulmonis
Red tears

A

Ringtail

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8
Q

Pterotillomania in birds is
Feather destructive behaviour
Molting
Cage aggression
Food aggression

A

Feather destructive behaviour

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9
Q

Select the animal with the longest life expectancy
Hamster
Mouse
Chinchilla
Guinea pig

A

Chinchilla
10-15 years

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10
Q

The sex of young mice is determined through
Sexually dimorphic traits do not appear in mice until they are physically mature
Measuring the distance between the anus and the genitalia
Palpation of testicles in males
Body size

A

Measuring the distance between the anus and the genitalia

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11
Q

Which of the following is an obligate carnivore
Chinchilla
Ferret
Sugar glider
Hedgehog

A

Ferret

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12
Q

Which is a highly contagious and fatal disease against which ferrets are vaccinated
Proliferative colitis
Canine bordetella
Canine adenovirus
Canine distemper

A

Canine distemper

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13
Q

Which species might be prone to seizures if restrained in a stressful or frightening manner?
Goat
Cat
Gerbil
Horse

A

Gerbil

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14
Q

Where should a pet bird ideally receive an intramuscular injection?
Pectoral muscles
Lower leg muscles
Biceps
Upper leg muscles

A

Pectoral muscles

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15
Q

Parturition in rabbits is also known as what?
Whelping
Kindling
Queening
Rabbits do not experience parturition

A

Kindling

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16
Q

Hamsters are a popular research animal for work that involves breeding and gestation. What is their gestation period?
16 days
31 days
1 week
2 weeks

A

16 days

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17
Q

The correct terminology for the top shell of a tortoise is
Upper shell
Carapace
Dorsal shell
Plastron

A

Carapace

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18
Q

What is the term used in reptiles to describe a shed that doesn’t occur naturally?
Dysecdysis
Ecdysis
Ecdylysis
Paraecdysis

A

Dysecdysis

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19
Q

What can cause a hamster to go into torpor?
Isoflurane
Low vitamin D level
Cold temperature
Low Vitamin C level

A

Cold temperature

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20
Q

Which of the following is the correct medical term for “hairball”?
Diospyrobezoars
Lithbezoar
Trichobezoar
Phytobezoar

A

Trichobezoar

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21
Q

Ringworm is caused by
Francisella tularensis
Fungus
Virus
Miconazole

A

Fungus

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22
Q

Which of the following species has two pairs of upper incisors?
Rat
Gerbil
Rabbit
Mouse

A

Rabbit

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23
Q

Which zoonotic disease in birds can cause respiratory disease in people?
Beak and feather disease
Macaw wasting disease
Parrot fever
Budgerigar fledgling disease

A

Parrot fever

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24
Q

Which of the following is the most common site to draw blood from lizards?
Cardiac
Ventral coelomic vein
Tail vein
Subcarapacial venous sinus

A

Tail vein

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25
Q

Which of the following is a marsupial?
Chinchillas
Sugar gliders
Hedgehog
Gerbils

A

Sugar gliders

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26
Q

Which of the following is the correct term for Psittacosis (ornithosis)?
Avian pox
Parrot fever
Bird flu
Pacheco’s

A

Parrot fever

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27
Q

Which organ found in mammals is NOT found in snakes?
Lungs
Bladder
Gallbladder
Brain

A

Bladder

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28
Q

Small animals can receive anticholinergics as part of the pre-anesthetic protocol
Atropine
Versed
Glycopyrrolate
Valium

A

Glycopyrrolate

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29
Q

Which species does not have a gallbladder?
Rabbits
Rats
Syrian hamsters
All mammals have gallbladders

30
Q

Which is a TRUE statement about chelonians?
They don’t have a stomach
Some do not have eyelids
They don’t have a diaphragm
They don’t have a urinary bladder

A

They don’t have a diaphragm

31
Q

A snake presenting with dysecdysis is undergoing what?
Decomposition
Normal physiologic process of skin sloughing
External parasitism by mites or ticks
Abnormal shedding of the skin

A

Abnormal shedding of the skin

32
Q

Which of the following species produce “precocious” offspring
Rat
Mice
Rabbit
Guinea pig

A

Guinea pig

33
Q

Which of the following can be used to differentiate male and female tortoises?
Males have a lighter coloured plastron
Males have a darker coloured plastron
The plastron is convex in males
The plastron is concave in males

A

The plastron is concave in males

34
Q

Urate bladder stones in a Sulcata tortoise are most likely to be caused by which of the following?
Overcrowded habitat enclosure
Dehydration
Improper lighting
Stress
Poor thermoregulation

A

Dehydration

35
Q

Where should a subcutaneous injection be given to a snake?
Along the back of the snake only after tenting the skin
Near the vent, proximal to the opening
The cranial 1/3 of the snake along the lateral edge of the ventral scales
Anywhere in the distal half of the snake

A

The cranial 1/3 of the snake along the lateral edge of the ventral scales

36
Q

Which animal would be most likely to carry Tularemia?
Cattle
Goats
Water buffalo
Rabbits

37
Q

Rat bite fever is zoonotic and is transmitted by a bite from rodents. What is the bacterial cause of rat bite fever?
Streptococcus rattus
Streptobacillus moniliformis
Francisella tularensis
Staphylococcus aureus

A

Streptobacillus moniliformis

38
Q

Insulinoma tumours are common in which of the following species?
Rats
Ferrets
Gerbils
Cats

39
Q

Proliferative ileitis is a debilitating disease that affects hamsters. What is the common name for this disease?
Wet tail
Snuffles
Dermatitis
Crohn’s disease

40
Q

Pasteurella multocida causes what disease in rabbits?
Snuffles
Heaves
Viral hemorrhagic disease
Myxomatosis

41
Q

Which small exotic mammal can slough fur when restrained?
Chinchilla
Hedgehog
Hamster
Ferret

A

Chinchilla

42
Q

A bird’s eye possesses all, EXCEPT
Consensual reflex
Lens
Cornea
Nictating membrane

A

Consensual reflex

43
Q

A rabbit with severe dandruff is brought into the clinic. After a closer look, dandruff appears to be moving around. What could this be?
Cheyletiella
Harvest mites
Otodectes
Psoroptic mange

A

Cheyletiella

44
Q

Before administering a distemper vaccine, which drug is often given to ferrets?
Imidacloprid
Hypnodil
Ivermectin
Diphenhydramine

A

Diphenhydramine

45
Q

Which of the following accurately describes the estrus cycle and gestation period of mice?
Estrus 20-28 days, gestation 4-6 days
Estrus 4-5 days, gestation 19-21 days
Estrus 25-30 days, gestation 60-70 days
Mice are induced ovulates, gestation 12-14 days

A

Estrus 4-5 days, gestation 19-21 days

46
Q

Which feathers are trimmed during a wing trim on a bird?
Primary remiges
Secondary remiges
Primary rectrices
Secondary rectrices

A

Primary remiges

47
Q

What is the name of the organ in birds that is an extension of the esophagus and allows for the storage of rapidly consumed food?
Ventriculus
Proventriculus
Ingluvies
Cloaca

48
Q

Which is the BEST construction material for a tortoise’s outdoor enclosure?
Barbed wire
Chainlink fence
Cement blocks
Pressure treated wood

A

Cement blocks

49
Q

The Bursa of Fabricius would be found in which species?
Horses
Birds
Llamas
Rabbits

50
Q

All of the following blood vessels are commonly used for venous access on awake rabbits EXCEPT
Femoral vein
Lateral saphenous vein
Cephalic vein
Marginal ear vein

A

Femoral vein

51
Q

HypoVitaminosis A is most common in what reptile?
Chelonians
Lizards
Snakes
Crocodilians

A

Chelonians

52
Q

Which condition would most likely cause a bird to lay soft eggs?
Pacheco’s disease
Chlamydiosis
Giardia
Hypocalcemia

A

Hypocalcemia

54
Q

Which small mammal cannot synthesize Vitamin C and must have it supplemented in their diet?
Guinea pigs
Hamster
Gerbils
Rabbits

A

Guinea pigs

55
Q

A New Caledonian giant gecko at the clinic is suffering from dysecdysis. Which of the following is the most common cause of this for animals in captivity?
Improper humidity
Improper UVB lighting
Genetic susceptibility resulting from inbreeding
Viral infection

A

improper humidity

56
Q

“Red tears”, or chromodacryorrhea, is a substance produced by rats. Where are “red tears” produced?
Thyroid gland
Mammary gland
Harderian gland
Salivary gland

A

Harderian gland
Rats under stress may show this red tear production. Due to the connection between the tear ducts and the nasal cavity, the red stain may appear as nasal discharge. Many owners will think it’s blood

57
Q

Rats in your lab are getting “ringtail”. The humidity in the lab is carefully controlled in an appropriate range and never drops too low. Which of the following other factors may be contributing to this condition?
The temperature is too low in the housing unit
Excessive stress from experiments
Overcrowding of rats
A wire-bottom cages

A

A wire-bottom cages
Annular constriction of the tail

58
Q

A rabbit who presents with a history of sneezing, nasal discharge, and conjunctivitis and is caused by Pasteurella infection?
Snuffles
Kennel cough
Query fever
Tularemia

59
Q

Which species produces acid as the major end product of nitrogen metabolism?
Rats
Cattle
Ferrets
Birds

60
Q

What is the preferred site for inserting an intraosseous catheter on a bird?
Distal ulna
Pectoral girdle
Mandible
Clavicle

A

Distal ulna

61
Q

What nutritional condition in reptiles presents with pathological fractures, bowed legs and rubbery jaw?
HypoVitaminosis A
HyperVitaminosis D
Metabolic bone disease
Mouth rot

A

Metabolic bone disease

62
Q

Which of the following is FALSE regarding rabbit dentistry?
Rabbits can experience tooth root abscesses
Rabbits have aradictular hypsodont teeth
Rabbits have two sets of upper incisors
Rabbits cheek teeth do not overgrow like their incisors can

A

Rabbit cheek teeth do not overgrow like their incisors can

63
Q

Which organism would most likely cause swollen lymph nodes in a guinea pig’s neck?
It would most likely be viral, not bacterial
Enrofloxacin
Escherichia coli
Streptococcus zooepidemicus

A

Streptococcus zooepidemicus

64
Q

In non-carnivorous reptiles, what is critical for the synthesis of Vitamin D3 and calcium absorption?
Temperature
UVB light
UVA light
Humidity

65
Q

A 560 g African Grey Parrot presents in the clinic; the bird is on the bottom of the cage, fluffed, and appears to have a discharge from the nares. The technician is instructed to obtain a blood sample for hematology and diagnostic testing. How much blood can you safely draw from this bird?
56 mL
5.6 mL
28 mL
2.8 mL

A

2.8 mL
Sick bird: safely draw 0.5% of body weight.
560 g x 0.005 = 2.8mL

66
Q

Which of the following would present as a proliferative honeycomb beak with scaly, crusty lesions on the legs and feet of the bird?
Avian pox
Avian chlamydiosis
Tuberculosis
Cnemidocoptes pilae

A

Cneumidocoptes pilae
A mite of bird known as “scaly” face or legs

67
Q

A parrot is brought to the clinic because it has been bleeding profusely and persistently from one feather for over an hour. After an examination, what will likely be the best course of action?
Allow the feather to heal on its own; disturbing it will exacerbate the issue
Cauterize the feather to stop bleeding
Tightly bandage the affected area
Pull the feather out

A

Pull the feather out

68
Q

A group of mice in a lab has been biologically isolated with barrier units. These mice were confirmed to be germ-free, with the exception of multiple non-pathogenic microorganisms to which they have been intentionally exposed. Which term best describes these mice?
Gnotobiotic
Axenic
Specific pathogen-free (SPF)
The described scenario is not possible as the microbiome of a living mouse cannot be controlled

A

Gnotobiotic

69
Q

For anesthesia for reptiles, which of the following is TRUE?
Fasting is not usually necessary
Perioperative antibiotics are not recommended due to reptiles’ sensitivity to these drugs
Heat support should not be used as they are cold-blooded
Scrubbing skin can be damaging; therefore, only antiseptic rinse should be used

A

Fasting is not usually necessary

Clever Orca VTNE Prep (11 decks)

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