exogenous fat pathway

Question 1

_____ are lipoproteins that provide the means for dietary fats that are absorbed in the intestine to be distributed throughout the body

Answer 1

chylomicrons

Question 2

chylomicrons are forms in mucosal cells of the ____

Answer 2

intestine

Question 3

free fatty acids and monoacylglycerides are absorbed from the intestine in _____ that are formed in the lumen of the intestine

Answer 3

micelles

Question 4

the absorbed free fatty acids and monoacylglycerides are transformed to _____ which enter the core of the newly formed chylomicrons

Answer 4

triglycerides

Question 5

cholesterol in the diet is absorbed from the intestinal lumen by ________ and also enters into the chylomicron

Answer 5

a carrier protein that is the molecular target of ezetimibe (niemann pick c1-like 1)

Question 6

a protein _____ is inserted into the outer surface of the chylomicron as an “address protein” that will allow the particle to dock with tissues that express the appropriate receptor

Answer 6

ApoB48

Question 7

the nascent/newly formed chylomicrons are secreted by the mucosal cells into the ____

Answer 7

lymphatic vessels (lacteals)

Question 8

the smaller lymphatic vessels lead into the _____ of the lymphatic system which carries chylomicrons to the general circulation

Answer 8

thoracic duct

Question 9

the thoracic duct enters the systemic circulation via its connection with the ____

Answer 9

subclavian vein

Question 10

once in the circulation, the chylomicron picks up apoproteins ____ and ____

Answer 10

Apo E and Apo C

Question 11

Apo E is needed for _____

Answer 11

the uptake of chylomicron remnants into the liver

Question 12

Apo C is necessary to stimulate the enzyme ____

Answer 12

lipoprotein lipase

Question 13

chylomicrons transport triglycerides to tissues where they dock on ______ which is located on the extracellular surface of the capillary endothelial cells

Answer 13

lipoprotein lipase

Question 14

after docking, lipoprotein lipase breaks down the triglycerides into ______

Answer 14

free fatty acids that can be metabolized by tissues for energy

Question 15

once the chylomicrons are depleted of most of their triglycerides, they are ____

Answer 15

chylomicron remnants

Question 16

the chylomicron remnants are carried through the circulation and cleared by the ____ via receptor-mediated endocytosis

Answer 16

liver

Question 17

the chylomicron remnants bind to two types of receptors on the hepatocytes, ____ and _____

Answer 17

low density lipoprotein receptor like protein and low density lipoprotein receptor

Question 18

any remaining cholesterol that was absorbed in the intestine and transported in the chylomicron also enters the liver via the ______

Answer 18

chylomicron remnant