EXOGENIC PROCESS Flashcards
COMBINED ACTION IF ALL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROCESS THAT DISINTEGRATE AND DECOMPOSE ROCKS NEAR EARTH’S SURGACE
WEATHERING
ALSO CALLED MECHANICAL WEATHERING
PHYSICAL WEATHERING
ROCKS ARE BROKEN UP W/O ANY CHANGE IN THEIR CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
PHYSICAL WEATHERING
EXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL WEATHERING
BLOCK DISINTEGRATION, EXFOLIATION, FROST WEATHERING
=CAUSED BY SUCCESSIVE HEATING AND COOLING THAT CAUSES THE EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION IF ROCKS
=REPEATED STRESS CAUSED BY THESE CYCLES CAN BREAK DOWN THE ROCK INTO
BLOCK DISINTEGRATION
STRIPPING OF THE OUTER LAYERS OF ROCKS/ROCK PEEL OFF FROM THE MAIN ROCK
EXFOLIATION
FREEZING AND THAWING OF WATER INSIDE THE JOINTS OF THE ROCKS
FROST WEATHERING
WEAKENING OR DISINTEGRATION OF ROCKS AND FORMATION OF NEW CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS CAUSE BY CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMICAL WEATHERING
EXAMPLES OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING
OXIDATION, CARBONATION, HYDRATION, SOLUTION
OXYGEN REACTS WITH THE ROCK AND CHANGES ITS MINERAL COMPOSITION
OXIDATION
=OXYGEN IN HUMID AIR REACTS EITH IRON
=CAN BREAK DOWN ROCKS COMPLETELY WHEN GIVEN ENOUGH TIME
RUST
=VARIOUS TYPES OF CARBONATES IN ROCKS
=SOME ARE SOLUBLE IN WATER
=RESULTS IN ENLARGEMENT OF ROCKS AND REMOVAL OF LIME
CARBONATION
ABSORPTION OR COMBINATUON OF WATER/ADDITION OF WATER IN THE ROCK INCREASES ITS VOLUME WHICH CHANGES THE SHAPE OF THE GRAINS
HYDRATION
=DIRECTLY DISSOLVED IN WATER
=ROCKS SALT AND GYPSUM ARE REMOVED THROUGH THIS PROVESS
SOLUTION
=Also called biological weathering
=living organisms contribute to the breakdown of rocks and minerals
BIOLOGICAL WEATHERING
PLANTS CAN CONTRIBUTE TO _ AND _
CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL WEATHERING
PLANTS CAN CONTRIBUTE TO _ AND _
CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL WEATHERING
CAUSE THE BREAKDOWN OF ROCKS THROUGH BURROWING
ANIMALS
BACTERIA AND FUNGI CAN ALSO AFFECT ROCKS THROUGH INTERACTION WITH THEM
MICROBES
PLAY A VERY IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE WEATHERING OF ROCKS/AGRICULTURE, CONSTRUCTION, MINING
= CAUSE OF INCREASE OF ACID RAIN
HUMANS
MASS MOVEMENT/MOVEMENT OF ROCK OR SOIL DOWN SLIPES UNDER THE FORCE OF GRAVITY/
CLASSIFIED BASED IN MOISTURE AND SPEED:FALL, SLIDE, FLOW
MASS WASTING
DETACHED INDIVIDUAL PIECES OF ROCKS/COMMON ON SLOPES THAT ARE TOO STEEP OR LOOSE
FALL
ROCK MATERIALS REMAIN FAIRLY COHERENT AND MOVE ALONG WELL DEFINED SURFACE
SLIDES
SATURATED WITH WATER AND MOVE DOWNSLOPES AS A VISCOUS LIQUID
FLOW
impact of water or wind detaches and removes soil particles, causing the soil to deteriorate. It occurs primarily when dirt is left exposed to strong winds, hard rains, and flowing water.
SOIL EROSION
- Occurs in arid regions like deserts.
- Strong winds carry fine soil particles and sand away from an area, leading to land degradation and loss of fertility.
WIND EROSION
- Caused by surface runoff and rainfall.
- Removes thin layers of soil from the surface.
- Can occur in riverbeds and areas affected by floods.
- If left unchecked, it can deplete the soil of nutrients and make it unsuitable for agriculture.
SHEET EROSION
Creates deep channels or gullies in the soil.
- These gullies can spread over large areas, further degrading the land.
GULLY EROSION
