Exercise Physiology Flashcards
What can be defined as the training effect on the cardiac system?
Cardiac Output=Increased Stroke Volume+ decreased heart rate
When reading an exercise prescription, which of the following statements represents the frequency of exercise?
3 sessions a week
What 3 different lipoproteins make up total cholesterol?
LDL
HDL
VLDL
During vigorous activity, accessory muscles come into play to aid respiration. During inspiration, these muscles include the___and___
Sternocleidomastoid
Scalenes
In very cold environments, the athletes body will attempt to produce heat through many different mechanism. One of these methods is by hypothalamic stimulation of what?
Thyroid Gland
A basketball player comes limping off the court complaining of a hamstring spasm. Which of the following procedures would be the most effective in reducing the spasm?
Static stretch of the involved muscles
A patient who is hyper flexible (mobile beyond the joint normal range)Is subject to what types of injuries?
Sprains and Strains
Interval training would be appropriate for all the following sports except
Archery
What is interval training?
High intensity training
During what season would it be beneficial for an athlete to participate in a sport (other that his or her primary sport)to maintain an adequate level of fitness?
Off-season
Which of the following principles must be adhered to when designing a training program for an athlete in order to obtain optimal training effects?
Overload
Specificity
Progression
Consistency
All of the following effects ar true regarding changes that take places as a result of resiststive exercise except?
Improve elasticity of skeletal muscle
Under which of the following conditions is the tension created in a muscle the greatest during exercise?
Interaction with actin and myosin filaments are maximum
___and____determine the amount of blood that is pumped through the heart in a given period of time?
Heart Stroke
Stroke volume
If a 20 year patient is exercising at %80 of his or her maximal heart rate, his or her target rate could be calculated be calculated to equal what?
160bpm
In order to improve a patients flexibility, PNF techniques may be incorporated into a training program. Which of the following techniques involves an isotonic contraction during the “push” phase?
Contract-relax
When bench-pressing a barbell, the triceps and pectorals major musculature contract in what manner during the “lift” phase?
Concentrically
Which type of training program is most beneficial if the coach or athletic trainer is trying to improve muscular strength and flexibility?
Circuit training
What area of the the body that is responsible for thermoregulation?
Hypothalumus
What are the different phases of periodization?
Post-season
Off-season
Pre-season
In-season
The purpose of proper cool-down period after exercising to___and___
Help blood return to the heart to be deoxygenated, decrease muscular lactic acid build up
Which type of exercise utilizes a rapid stretch the muscle eccentrically followed by a rapid concentric contraction and is used to develop expolosive movements?
Plyometric
Developing significant muscle bulk is dependent on the levels present in the body of which of the following hormones?
Testosterone
Where is majority of the heat loss during cold activities?
Head and neck
What level of sunscreen should be used for a light pigmented individual?
SPF 15 or higher
An asthmatic patient lives and trains in an urban area is susceptible to the effects of air pollution. To avoid an asthma attack while training, the athletic trainer should recommend that the patient train at which of the following times of day?
Late afternoon
You have a black patient with known sickle-cell disease who is training in high altitudes or a long distance road race. This patient might be at risk for which condition?
Ruptured spleen
Sweat is hypotonic which means the patient is likely to experience what imbalance?
Water los and excess salt
Dlayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) can occur with high intensity exercise. Which of the following types of exercise is most likely to cause DOMS?
Plyometric
If a joint capsule is stretched beyond its physiological limitations causing a reflexive muscle contraction, which of the following laws is being demonstrated?
Hiltons
When performing a urinalysis with a dipstick (such as Clinstix or a smaller product) for abdromal glucose and protein levels, which of the following are considered abnormal findings in the adolescent?
+2
+3
+4
Why are men usually stronger than women?
Women have lower strength :body weight ratio
Which of the following physiological adaptations does not occur in skeltal muscle during endurance training?
Decreased mitochondrial density
During a 400 meter sprint, which of the following energy systems is predominant?
Anaerobic glycolysis system
What effect does aerobic exercise have on a patients diastolic blood pressure?
Diastolic blood pressure will significantly increase with increasing workloads
Diastolic blood pressure should remain close to resting levels during_____exercising
Endurance
Footstrike anemia can be controlled by having the athlete wear well-cushioned shoes, limiting running to very soft surfaces, and teaching the athlete to land lightly on his or her feet while exercising. What is this condition called?
Hemolysis
a law stating that electric current is proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance.
Ohms Law
Ohms Laws
V = IR
____states that your bones will adapt based on the stress or demands placed on them. When you work your muscles, they put stress on your bones.
Wolfs Law
(1) Every object moves in a straight line unless acted upon by a force. (2) The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force exerted and inversely proportional to the object’s mass. (3) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Newtons Law
Hyperkalemia
High potassium level in blood
What does rubefacients do?
Topical ointment that dilates the capillaries to increase blood flow
Hemaarthrosis
Bleeding in joint capsule
Hemoptysis
Coughing up blood
Hemolysis
Ruptured red blood cells
