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236 spring 14 > exercise physiology > Flashcards

exercise physiology Flashcards

1
Q

what is oxygen extraction

A

when oxygen is pulled from circulation to support cellular production of energy for muscle contraction

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2
Q

how can you improve oxygen extraction

A

with endurance training

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3
Q

what is the normal ca-vo2 difference

A

5vol%

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4
Q

how much can ca-vo2 increase with maximum excercise

A

15vol%

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5
Q

what is resting vo2

A

3.5 ml/kg/min

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6
Q

what does maximum vo2 depend on

A

genetics, conditioning, presence/absence of disease

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7
Q

how many mets does resting vo2 equal

A

1 met

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8
Q

what is normal vo2 max greater than

A

84% of predicted

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9
Q

how else can o2 consumption be predicted

A

from work rate

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10
Q

what is vo2 peak

A

when exercise is stopped early due to dyspnea, pain, or peripheral vascular disease

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11
Q

what is normal vco2

A

200ml/min or 2.8 ml/min/kg

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12
Q

what does exhaled co2 depend on

A

matching of alveolar ventilation

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13
Q

what does RER stand for

A

respiratory exchange ratio

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14
Q

what does rer reflect

A

rq in low to moderate steady state exercise

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15
Q

what is rer effected by

A

hypoventilation and hyperventilation

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16
Q

what does greater than 1.0 indicate for rer

A

increased co2 from lactate buffering

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17
Q

normal rer is

A

0.8

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18
Q

what does rq stand for

A

respiratory quotient

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19
Q

what does rq measure

A

ratio of vco2 to vo2 at tissues

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20
Q

which has lower rq carbs or fat

A

fat

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21
Q

what does minute ventilation depend on

A

paco2 and dead space

22
Q

what is ME usually less than in healthy ppl

A

70%

23
Q

do healthy ppl alter mvv during maximum exercise

A

no

24
Q

what is breathing reserve calculation

A

mvv-vemax

25
Q

how much does a healthy persons respiratory rate increase

A

triples

26
Q

in healthy individuals what happens to end expiratory lung volume

A

it decreases with exertion

27
Q

patients with copd what happens to end expiratory lung volumes

A

it increases with exertion causing a decrease in IC

28
Q

what is a normal vd/vt

A

less than 0.35 at rest

29
Q

what is normal vd/vt at maximal exertion

A

less than 0.25

30
Q

if you have an abg how can u calculate vd/vt

A

paco2-peco2/paco2

31
Q

what is peco2 in diseased lungs

A

greater than 10mmhg difference bw paco2 and peco2

32
Q

in a healthy patient does pA-ao2 change significantly - whats normal

A

no - 10mmhg difference

33
Q

in a healthy patient at maximal exertion what happens to PA-ao2

A

it increases to 20-30 mmhg

34
Q

when can peto2 increase

A

with hyperventilation associated with lactic acidosis

35
Q

what can early onset of lactic threshold come from

A

deconditioning or cardiovascular abnormality

36
Q

what is the normal value of LT

A

50-60% of vo2 max

37
Q

what are the clinical signs of LT

A

breathlessness, muscle burning, muscle fatigue

38
Q

what is the formula for predicted hr max

A

hr max = 220-age

39
Q

what is the formula for heart rate reserve

A

HRpredicted max - HRmax actual

40
Q

what should HRR be in normal patients

A

less than 15

41
Q

what does values outside normal range for HRR indicate

A

non-cardiovascular limations

42
Q

what is the formula for o2 pulse

A

vo2/hr

43
Q

what is the normal value for o2 pulse

A

greater than 80% or 2.5-4.0 ml o2 per heartbeat

44
Q

what is the formula for cardiac output

A

hr x sv

45
Q

what is the gold standard for measuring co

A

fick method

46
Q

referring to blood pressure what increases significantly and remains stable

A

systolic increase above 200 and diastolic remains stable around 90

47
Q

how is workload measured on a bike

A

in watts

48
Q

how is workload measured on a treadmill

A

metabolic equivalent

49
Q

how do u rate perceived exertion

A

borg rating for dyspnea and leg effort

50
Q

what does timed walk tests evaluates

A

evaluates functional performance

236 spring 14 (13 decks)

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