EXERCISE 4 - DIGESTIVE SYSTEM STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Flashcards

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1
Q

mechanical and chemical breakdown of feed

A

digestion

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2
Q

seizing and conveying of feed into the mouth

A

prehension

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3
Q

mechanical breakdown of feed into finer particles. importance in: a. finely divided feed has greater surface area for digestive enzymes; b. be well mixed with saliva that facilitates swallowing

A

mastification or chewing

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4
Q

mixing of feed with the saliva

A

insalivation

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5
Q

(in ruminants) formation of balls of feed out of the masticated feed particles

A

bolus formation

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6
Q

(in ruminants) chewing the cud; permits animal to ingest feed rapidly, then complete chewing at a later time

A

rumination

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7
Q

for prehension, mastication, and insalivation; may also serve as defensive / offensive weapon; in ruminants, used for bolus formation

A

mouth and buccal cavity

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8
Q

common passage for feed and air; air crosses this to enter larynx while feed crosses this to enter esophagus

A

pharynx

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9
Q

muscular tube connecting stomach to mouth

A

esophagus

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10
Q

(in poultry) invagination of esophagus and the temporary storage of food

A

crop

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11
Q

muscular organ site for feed storage, grinding and mixing of feed, absorption, enzymatic action and microbial fermentation

A

stomach

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12
Q

site of further digestion and absorption of certain products from stomach digestion

A

small intestine

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13
Q

3 parts of small intestine

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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14
Q

site of water absorption, storage of waste material, and bacterial digestion of fiber (cecum and colon are parts of this)

A

large intestine

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15
Q

provide mucus which aid in swallowing process. in some animals, it contains the enzyme pytalin

A

salivary glands

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16
Q

produces digestive enzymes needed in digestive processes that take place in small intestine

A

pancreas

17
Q

secretes bile needed for emulsification of fat in small intestine

A

liver

18
Q

(type of animal accdg to structure of stomach) animals with one compartment stomach

A

monogastric or simple-stomach animals

19
Q

(type of animal accdg to structure of stomach) such as horse have functional cecum that utilize roughages as nutrient resources; aka hindgut fermenters

A

herbivorous monogastrics

20
Q

(type of animal accdg to structure of stomach) for poultry species; has gizzard, crop, and proventiculus

A

modified simple stomach

21
Q

poultry species, for mixing and grinding feed

A

gizzard / ventriculus

22
Q

poultry species, secretion of gastric enzymes for digestion

A

proventriculus

23
Q

have a four-compartment stomach

A

ruminants or compound stomach animals

24
Q

(part of compound stomach) main site of microbial fermentation of feeds

A

rumen

25
Q

(part of compound stomach) regulates passage of feed from rumen to succeeding compartments; aids in regurgitation of feed back to mouth; also a site of microbial fermentation

A

reticulum

26
Q

(part of compound stomach) further grinds and reduces feed into finer particles before it enters abomasum

A

omasum

27
Q

(part of compound stomach) true stomach of ruminants; glandular and has similar functions as that of the monogastric stomach

A

abomasum