Exercise 26

Question 1

PESAMER Amoeba

Answer 1

[P] Rhizopoda, Protista
[E] They look like amoebas…
[S] Pseudopods, food vacuoles, contractile vacuoles
[A] Anywhere?
[M] Pseudopods
[E] They eat through intracellular ingestion, phagocytosis with the help of their food vacuole.
[R] Asexual reproduction

Question 2

What is the uc of amoebas (rhizopoda)?

Answer 2

Pseudopods

Question 3

PESAMER Difflugia

Answer 3

[P] Rhizopoda, Protista
[E] They look like mini pomegranates.
[S] They have a protective test made of sand grains to encapsulate themselves.
[A] Anywhere, I guess?
[M] Pseudopods
[E] They eat through intracellular ingestion, phagocytosis with the help of their food vacuole.
[R] Asexual reproduction

Question 4

PESAMER forams….sorry no specific genus

Answer 4

[P] Foraminifera, Protista
[E] They look like cross sections of seashells, nice and spirally.
[S] They have calcerous tests (shells) and podia that protrude through pores in the test.
[A] Water
[M] Protoplasmic streaming
[E] Not sure
[R] Not sure

Question 5

PESAMER Trypanosoma

Answer 5

[P] Kinetoplastea, the flagellates, Protista
[E] They look like little blue worms on the outside of blood cells.
[S] A flagella and an undulating body
[A] ….
[M] Flagella is the answer
[E] They can be parasitic as well as heterotrophic.
[R] Not sure

Question 6

_____ causes malaria, while ____ is responsible for African Sleeping Sickness

Answer 6

Plasmodium, Trypanosoma

Question 7

PESAMER Paramecia

Answer 7

[P] Ciliophora, Protista
[E] They look like oblong blobs. During transverse fission, they are end to end. During conjugation, they are side to side.
[S] Macro and micro nucleus, food and contractile vacuoles, lots of cilia, and a gullet.
[A] Fresh water
[M] They do move, mostly with cilia
[E] Probably phagocytosis
[R] They have two kinds:
1) Asexually by transverse fission, basically division
2) Sexually by conjugation, with genetic material exchange.

Question 8

What are the uc and specimens of ciliophora?

Answer 8

Large numbers of cilia; also, micro and macro nuclei. Paramecium and Vorticella.

Question 9

PESAMER Vorticella

Answer 9

[P] Ciliophora, Protista
[E] Bowls at the end of a springy stalk
[S] A stalk that attaches the vorticella to its ‘substrate’, a bowl cell body with a corona of cilia
[A] Fresh water
[M] It doesn’t move!
[E] It extends its bowl as far out as possible and starts beating its cilia to capture particles of food.
[R] Not sure

Question 10

PESAMER Plasmodium

Answer 10

[P] Apicomplexa, Protists
[E] Looks like a spot inside a red blood cell
[S] N/A
[A] Other organisms
[M] Usually, not motile
[E] Usually, parasitic. Like malaria
[R] Or life cycle.
1) Plasmodium sporozoites (n) in a mosquito goes into human blood.
2) The sporozoites hang out in liver cells and begin forming the merozoite stage by mitosis.
3) Merezoites (n) are released from liver cells, go to red blood cells, reproduce, and burst red blood cells.
4) Malaria happens.
5) Some merezoites produce sexual structures, gametocytes, that a mosquito can ingest with a bite.
6) Gametocytes become gametes inside the mosquito, fuse to form a zygote (2n), and produce haploid (n) sporozoites in the mosquito’s gut through meiosis.
7) The sporozoites go into the salivary gland and do it all over again.

Question 11

PESAMER Physarum

Answer 11

[P] Dictyostelia, the plasmodial slime molds.
[E] A slime mold
[S] They are coenocytic, because they have no individually distinguishable cells. They may form a sclerotium and become dormant if under duress, also.
[A] Anywhere
[M] Cytoplasmic streamage
[E] Pulsation ingestion of food and bacteria
[R] They can use spores.