Exercise 25 Flashcards
T/F: Synagamy and fertilization both involve gametes; but synagamy is the fission of gametes whereas fertilization is the fusion of them.
F. Both do involve gametes, but both involve fusion of said gametes. Synagamy involves fusion of essentially equivalent gametes, though, while fertilization’s gametes are not (sperm and egg, for example).
T/F: Filamentous algae have at least one flagella-like, protuberant filament that aids motility.
F. Filamentous algae are themselves part of a ‘filament’, since they are attached end-to-end like a train.
T/F: Filamentous algae and colonial algae both are not unicellular.
T. However, their multicellular grouping pattern differs (filamentous = fine silk strand, colonial = clumpy)
_______ is used as a sort of catch-all category that is used to classify any species that fits into domain Eukarya, but doesn’t qualify as _____, ______, or ______.
Protist, Animal, Plant, Fungi
A ________ is used to further classify protists into categories based on their distinctive features.
Supergroup
Give an example of a unicellular green algae.
Chlamydomonas
T/F: Chlamydomonas can reproduce both sexually and asexually.
T.
T/F: Conjugation is a type of reproduction that occurs in green, unicellular algae such as Spirogyra.
F. It occurs in multicellular algae, not unicellular algae! The rest of the sentence becomes true with that one correction, however.
List the following events in order to form a description of conjugation.
A) The contents (gametes) of the - strain move to the + strain and fuse.
B) The fused gamete structure will be released once the filament disintegrates. This structure later undergoes meiosis to form new filaments.
C) The two algae strains line up side-by-side and form a verb conjugation.
D) The contents (gametes) of the + strain move to the - strain and fuse.
E) Upon fusion, the gametes form a zygospore, which later hardens into a fully mature zygote.
F) The two algae strains line up side-by-side and form a conjugation tube.
G) The fused gamete structure divides inside the + strain. The resulting spores are then diffused evenly between the two strains.
H) Upon fusion, the gametes form a zygote, which then develops into a thick, tough cell wall, or zygospore.
F) The two algae strains line up side-by-side and form a conjugation tube.
A) The contents (gametes) of the - strain move to the + strain and fuse.
H) Upon fusion, the gametes form a zygote, which then develops into a thick, tough cell wall, or zygospore.
B) The fused gamete structure will be released once the filament disintegrates. This structure later undergoes meiosis to form new filaments.
T/F: Spirogyra and Cladophora have the same method of reproduction, and they both are filamentous, multicellular green algae.
F. Spirogyra reproduce through conjugation, while Cladophora reproduce through alternation of generations.
In alternation of generations, ______ (n) are released by ______. They then are formed into _____, which in turn are released by ________. These, finally, fuse to form ______ (2n), which eventually will produce _____ again.
Spores, sporophytes, gametes, gametophytes, zygotes, spores.
Volvox are colonial green algae that reproduce through: A) ougamy B) oogamy C) uügamy D) augamy
B) oogamy
T/F: In oogamy, parent colonies hold both daughter colonies and zygospores within themselves, until the parent colonies disintegrate.
T.
Fucus is a _____-colored algae that derives its color from the pigment _________. Its branches, or ________, house its reproductive structures: antheridia (_____) and ______ (female).
brown, fucoxanthin, conceptacles (NOT contra ceptacles),
male, oogonia
One substance that comes from brown algae that has proved useful in industrial products is the hydrophilic _____.
alginic acid
What pigment makes red algae red?
phycobilins
T/F: Diatoms are unicellular, golden-brown algae that contain chlorophyll a and xanthophyll.
T. They also contain chlorophyll c.
T/F: Both dinoflagellates and euglenoids are types of unicellular algae that feature flagella and outer cellulose plates.
F. Dinoflagellates do have cellulose plates, but euglenoids are on the contrary noted for an embarrassing lack of a cell wall.
T/F: Some dinoflagellates can be bioluminescent, symbiotic, heterotrophic, or autotrophic, while euglenoids can be either heterotrophic, autotrophic, or saprophytic.
T.
Diatoms are special because they feature cell walls made of _______.
silicon dioxide, or glass.
What molecule stores energy in chlorophytes?
Starch.
