Exercise 14: Animal Integuments and Integumentary Derivatives Flashcards
It is the general term for the outer covering of animals.
integument
Identify the functions of integuments.
protection, sensation, and homeostasis
Complete the sentence below:
Integuments consist of one or more layers of ____________ and ____________ tissues.
connective, epithelial
Are external structures which originate from the integument.
integumentary derivatives
TRUE or FALSE:
Integumentary derivatives include long-lasting secretions and deposits of the epithelium.
True
It is formed by hardened integumentary derivatives which functions for the protection of internal structures and attachment of muscles.
exoskeleton
It refers to the epithelial layer of the integument of invertebrates.
epidermis
Identify the functions of the substances secreted by the epidermis.
- protection
- prevention of desiccation
TRUE or FALSE:
In invertebrates, integument derivatives are largely secretions that are laid over the epithelium.
True
Complete the sentence below:
The cuticle of the earthworm is ___________, while its hair-like setae are ____________.
collagenous, chitinous
Complete the sentence below:
The chitinous ____________ of arthropods is segmented into ____________, with certain segments having ____________.
cuticle, plates, setae
It refers to the exposed part of the snail.
foot
Complete the sentence below:
The foot of the snail is covered by the ____________.
epidermis
Complete the sentence below:
The visceral mass under the shell is covered by the ____________.
mantle
Complete the sentence below:
The mantle of the snail is composed of two layers of ____________ separated by one layer of ____________.
epithelium, connective tissue
It refers to the thick, non-cellular outer layer of Ascaris lumbricoides.
cuticle
Complete the sentence below:
In Ascaris lumbricoides, inner to the cuticle is the thin pigmented ____________.
epidermis
TRUE or FALSE:
The epidermis secretes the cuticle.
True
Complete the sentence below:
In Ascaris lumbricoides, the coiled ____________ is beneath the epidermis.
longitudinal muscle
It refers to the complex integument of all vertebrates.
skin
Identify the 2 regions of the skin.
- epidermis
- dermis or corium
In all vertebrates, the epidermis consists of ____________ epithelium.
stratified squamous
In all vertebrates, the dermis consists of ____________.
mostly connective tissue
It refers to the outermost layer of the epidermis that is usually composed of one layer.
stratum corneum
Which cells is the stratum corneum composed of?
squamous cells
It refers to the innermost layer of the epidermis.
stratum germinativum
Which cells is the stratum germinativum composed of?
monolayer of columnar cells
It refers to the layer of loose connective tissue in the dermis which contains chromatophores, cutaneous glands, small blood vessels, and sensory neurons.
stratum laxum
Are cells containing pigment granules.
chromatophores
Are formed by the infolding of the stratum germinativum into the dermis.
cutaneous glands
It refers to the deeper layer of the dermis.
stratum compactum
It is composed of dense, irregular connective tissue in alternating horizontal and vertical strands.
stratum compactum
Located beneath the stratum compactum, it connects the skin with the underlying muscle.
subcutaneous loose connective tissue
Determine if the following structure is an epidermal/dermal derivative:
bony scales of fishes
dermal derivative
Determine if the following structure is an epidermal/dermal derivative:
antlers of deers
dermal derivative
Determine if the following structure is an epidermal/dermal derivative:
horny scales of reptiles, birds, and mammals
epidermal derivative
Determine if the following structure is an epidermal/dermal derivative:
hair or fur (collectively known as pelage)
epidermal derivative
Determine if the following structure is an epidermal/dermal derivative:
feathers of birds (collectively known as plumage)
epidermal derivative
Determine if the following structure is an epidermal/dermal derivative:
nails, claws, or hooves
epidermal derivative
TRUE or FALSE:
In certain vertebrates, both dermal and epidermal derivatives may be present in the same exoskeleton.
True
It refers to the dorsal region of the turtle shell.
carapace
It refers to the ventral region of the turtle shell.
plastron
The outer, darker layers of the turtle shell originate from ____________ and are termed ____________.
epidermis, scutes
The inner, lighter layers of the turtle shell originate from the ____________ and are termed ____________.
dermis, plates
The other term for dermis.
corium
TRUE or FALSE:
In vertebrates, the squamous cells of the epidermis are dead cells that constantly ebing shed off.
True
TRUE or FALSE:
The columnar cells of the stratum germinativum are continuously dividing.
True
The transitional layer between the stratum corneum and stratum germinativum is equivalent to the ____________ and _____________ of the human skin.
stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum
TRUE or FALSE:
The chromatophores are darkly stained, mostly lying beneath the epidermis.
True
