Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 11.1 (Zoology) > Exercise 13: Animal Cells and Tissues > Flashcards

Exercise 13: Animal Cells and Tissues Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Enumerate the 4 general types of animal tissues.

A
  • epithelial
  • connective
  • muscle
  • nervous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Enumerate the 3 general functions of epithelial tissues.

A
  • cover body surfaces
  • line body cavities and ducts
  • form glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

It refers to tissues that bind, support, and protect body parts.

A

connective tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

It refers to tissues that produce movement via contractions.

A

muscle tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

It refers to tissues that transmit nerve impulses from one body part to and from the spinal cord and brain.

A

nerve tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

It refers to the material surrounding the cells.

A

extracellular matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
The composition of the extracellular matrix varies among different tissue types.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Enumerate the 2 types of epithelial tissues according to function.

A
  • membranous epithelia
  • glandular epithelia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

It is described as epithelial tissues which consist of sheets of tightly packed epithelial cells that line the organs.

A

membranous epithelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

It is described as epithelial tissues which consist of clumps of epithelial cells that form glands.

A

glandular epithelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Epithelial cells are polar, which means they have a distinct basal and apical side.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The surface of an epithelial tissue which is anchored to the thin, sheet-like extracellular matrix.

A

basal surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

It refers to the thin, sheet-like extracellular matrix.

A

basement membrane; basal lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

It refers to the surface of an epithelial tissue facing towards the external environment or towards the lumen.

A

apical surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

It refers to the cavity at the center of a tubular structure.

A

lumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Enumerate the 2 classifications of membranous epithelia according to the number of cell layers.

A
  • simple - single layer
  • stratified - multiple layers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Enumerate the 3 classifications of the cells in the membranous epithelia and describe their shapes.

A
  • squamous - flat cells
  • cuboidal - cube shaped cells
  • columnar - elongated cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Identify which membranous epithelia is described below:
single layer of flat cells

A

simple squamous epithelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Identify which membranous epithelia is described below:
single layer of cube-shaped cells

A

simple cuboidal epithelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Identify which membranous epithelia is described below:
lines small ducts and tubules

A

simple cuboidal epithelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Identify which membranous epithelia is described below:
single layer of elongated cells

A

simple columnar epithelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Complete the sentence below:
The stratified epithelia of frog skin consist of __________ epithelial cells found on the surface and layers of __________ epithelial cells beneath.

A

squamous; cuboidal or columnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which non-keratinized epithelia line moist internal cavities such as the oral mucosa and esophagus?

A

stratified squamous epithelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Complete the sentence below.
The functional units of the glandular epithelia may be __________ or __________.

A

unicellular; multicellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Identify the 2 classifications of multicellular glands.

A

exocrine and endocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Unicellular or Multicellular: goblet cells

A

unicellular glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Unicellular of Multicellular: cutaneous glands

A

multicellular, exocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
The body of the cutaneous glands are round and hollow, and is found beneath the epithelial layers.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

It connects the body of the cutaneous glands to the surface via a narrow opening.

A

neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
The goblet cells are interspersed among the columnar epithelia.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

It refers to the substance which mainly comprises the connective tissues.

A

extracellular matrix (ECM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Enumerate the 2 classifications of fibrous connective tissues that support and join body structures.

A
  • loose connective tissue
  • dense connective tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Which cells secrete the extracellular matrix?

A

fibrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Enumerate the specialized types of connective tissues.

A
  • cartilage
  • bone
  • blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

It is considered as the “packing material” of the body.

A

loose connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Which connective tissue anchors blood vessels, nerves, and muscles?

A

loose connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Which connective tissue is found in the skin, tendons, and ligaments?

A

dense connective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
The dense connective tissue consists primarily of densely packed fibers which may be ir/regular in arrangement.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

It refers to the flexible supportive tissue.

A

cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

It refers to the cells comprising the cartilage.

A

chondrocytes

41
Q

It refers to the amorphous ground substance comprising the extracellular matrix and giving resilience to the cartilage.

A

chondroitin sulfate

42
Q

Enumerate the types of cartilage.

A
  • hyaline
  • fibrocartilage
  • elastic
43
Q

Which cartilage is the most abundant?

A

hyaline cartilage

44
Q

Which cartilage is characterized by very fine collagen fibers that are dispersed in the gelatinous ground substance.

A

hyaline

45
Q

Enumerate the functions of the bone.

A
  • internal support
  • protection to internal organs
  • anchorage of muscles
46
Q

It refers to the cells comprising bones.

A

osteocytes

47
Q

It refers to the mineralized ground substance comprising the extracellular matrix of bones.

A

hydroxyapatite

48
Q

Enumerate the 2 types of bone tissues and describe their functions.

A
  • compact - forms the external layer of bones
  • spongy (cancellous) - forms in the internal layers of bones
49
Q

It refers to the basic histological unit of compact bone tissue.

A

osteon (Haversian canal system)

50
Q

It refers to the center of osteon which runs longitudinally, parallel to the bone.

A

Haversian canal

51
Q

Are transverse channels connecting adjacent Haversian canals.

A

Volkmann’s canal

52
Q

Are concentric rings of extracellular matrix surrounding the Haversian canals.

A

lamellae

53
Q

Are spaces that house osteocytes which are interspersed along the concentric rings of the extracellular matrix.

A

lacunae

54
Q

Are small canals projecting from the lacunae.

A

canaluculi

55
Q

Are osteocyte cytoplasmic extensions projecting from the canaliculi to connect with other osteocytes

A

filopodia

56
Q

Complete the sentence.
Blood is often considered as a separate tissue type called _______________.

A

vascular tissue

57
Q

It refers to the extracellular material of the blood.

A

plasma

58
Q

Enumerate the 3 cellular elements of the blood.

A
  • erythrocytes (RBC)
  • leukocytes (WBC)
  • platelets
59
Q

Identify the primary function of erythrocytes.

A

oxygen transport

60
Q

It refers to the component of erythrocytes which binds oxygen, giving RBCs their red color.

A

hemoglobin

61
Q

Identify the primary function of leukocytes.

A

for immunity

62
Q

Differentiate the 2 general classifications of leukocytes.

A
  • granulocytes - if cytoplasmic granules are present
  • agranulocyte - if cytoplasmic granules are absent
63
Q

Enumerate the 5 types of leukocytes.

A
  • lymphocytes
  • monocytes
  • neutrophils
  • basophils
  • eosinophils
64
Q

Determine which leukocyte is described below:
Are responsible for initiating the acquired immune response of vertebrates.

A

lymphocytes

65
Q

Determine which leukocyte is described below:
Small cells that possess a large, acentric nucleus with narrow cytoplasm.

A

lymphocytes

66
Q

Determine which leukocyte is described below:
Are the largest white blood cells.

A

monocytes

67
Q

Determine which leukocyte is described below:
Cells that possess an unlobed, acentric, kidney-shaped nucleus which lacks granules.

A

monocytes

68
Q

Determine which leukocyte is described below:
Gives rise to macrophages when activated.

A

monocytes

69
Q

Determine which leukocyte is described below:
Possess a relatively light stained granular cytoplasm and multi-lobed nucleus.

A

neutrophils

70
Q

Determine which leukocyte is described below:
Are the body’s initial phagocytic defense.

A

neutrophils

71
Q

Determine which leukocyte is described below:
Possess dense, dark, large granules.

A

basophils

72
Q

Determine which leukocyte is described below:
Are associated with allergies and inflammation.

A

basophils

73
Q

Determine which leukocyte is described below:
Possess a bilobed nucleus.

A

eosinophils and basophils

74
Q

Determine which leukocyte is described below:
Typically stain reddish.

A

eosinophils

75
Q

Determine which leukocyte is described below:
Defend against parasitic infections.

A

eosinophils

76
Q

It refers to the cells comprising the muscular tissue.

A

myocytes

77
Q

Are cytoplasmic substances allowing the contraction of myocytes.

A

actin and myosin filaments

78
Q

Enumerate the 3 classifications of muscular tissue.

A
  • skeletal
  • smooth
  • cardiac
79
Q

It refers to the multi-nucleated state.

A

syncytium

80
Q

It refers to the specialized connective tissue which connects skeletal muscles to bones.

A

tendons

81
Q

Identify the 2 striations of skeletal muscles.

A
  • I-bands
  • A-bands
82
Q

Which muscle tissue contracts without conscious control and is therefore considered an involuntary muscle?

A

smooth muscle

83
Q

Which muscle tissue is striated and possesses more than one nucleus per cell?

A

skeletal muscles

84
Q

Which muscle has no striations and possesses only one nucleus per cell?

A

smooth muscle

85
Q

Which muscle is arranged in sheets on the walls of organs such as the stomach, intestines, and the uterus.

A

smooth muscle

86
Q

Which muscle is striated and is found only in vertebrate hearts.

A

cardiac muscles

87
Q

Complete the sentence below:
In cardiac muscles, the cells are connected by _______________ which helps synchronize the contraction of the muscles.

A

intercalated discs

88
Q

It refers to tissues which facilitate communication, coordination, and control.

A

nervous tissues

89
Q

It carries impulses across the body.

A

nerve

90
Q

It refers to the loose connective tissue which serves as the outer covering of the nerve.

A

epineurium

91
Q

It refers to the dense sheath of connective tissue of the fascicle.

A

perineurium

92
Q

Complete the sentence below:
The fascicle is composed of bundles of ____________ or ____________.

A

nerve fibers, axons

93
Q

Complete the sentence below:
Each nerve fiber is surrounded by a layer of white insulating material called the __________ or __________.

A

Schwann, myelin sheath.

94
Q

Complete the sentence below:
The __________ wraps around each nerve fiber and fills in the rest of the fascicle’s interior.

A

endoneurium

95
Q

It refers to the functional unit of the nervous system.

A

neuron

96
Q

It refers to the cell body which contains the nucleus and the protoplasmic extensions.

A

soma

97
Q

Are short, branch-like protoplasmic extensions of the neuron.

A

dendrites

98
Q

Are long, thin protoplasmic extensions of the neuron.

A

axon

Bio 11.1 (Zoology) (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions