Excretory System Flashcards
Most of the nephron is surrounded by a complex ____ capillary network while the Bowmans capsule embraces a special capillary bed called the _____
Peritubular
Glomerulus
What is the pathway for urine once out of the collecting duct ?
Pelvis - ureters - urinary bladder - urethra
Blood pressure forces __ percent of the blood plasma to diffuse to the Bowmans capsule
20
What is the filtrate ?
The fluid and small solutes entering the nephron
The filtrate is ____ with the blood plasma
Isotonic
Filtration is a passive process due to the ______ pressure of the blood
Hydrostatic
4 main things reabsorbed ? And where does it primarily occur ? Active or passive ?
Amino acids water glucose salts
Proximal tubule
Active
Urine is ____ to the blood
Hypertonic
Primary site regulating water sodium and potassium ?
Primary site for secretion of substances ?
All loop of Henle, collecting duct
Distal convoluted tubule
Permeability of descending loop of Henle ?
Permeability of thin ascending loop? Thick ascending loop ?
Water yes, ions no
Water no, ions yes
Na k and Cl are active reabsorbed
The solutes contributing to the osmotic gradient ?
Urea and sodium chloride
A system in which energy is used to create a concentration gradient in the renal tubule.
Counter current multiplier system
The medulla is ____ osmolar to the filtrate
Hyper
What does antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) do?
Increases permeability of collecting duct to water through opening additional aquaporins. Thus more water is reabsorbed and urine is more concentrated
What does aldosterone do?
Increases k excretion
Decreases Na excretion
Increases water reabsorbtion
